Pt. Education and Care

Three main areas of pt. support

Pt. navigation, health coaching, pt. education

Health coaching

series of strategies for improving overall health, like encouraging pt. to do exercise program

Pt. navigator

Someone who works with pt. and providers to navigate pt. healthcare & wellness needs to help better understand how to access services and receive treatment

Community resource

A source of info or service available nearby

Motivational Interviewing

pt.-centered technique to encourage patients to change behaviors to improve their health; patients select a purpose

MA’s roles in patient education

coaching, navigating, motivating, providing educational materials

Preventive care

check-ups, patient counseling, and other screenings to prevent illness, disease, or other health-related issues

Communicable disease

illness caused by infectious agent that occurs through direct or indirect contact

Coronary artery disease

affects blood flow to heart; risk factors are diabetes, obesity, unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, and excessive alcohol use

Diabetes

affects insulin; frequent urination, hunger, thirst, numbness, fatigue, tingling in hands or feet

High cholesterol cause and effects

risk factors are obesity, type 2 diabetes, high-fat diets, lack of physical activity, smoking; can cause potential heart attacks or strokes

HTN causes and effects

lack of activity, stress, poor diet; can cause heart disease or heart failure

Osteoporosis

weakening of bones, causes increased likelihood of fracture; risk factors are age, body size, lifestyle, smoking, alcohol intake, and calcium & vitamin D deficiencies

Type of learning style using anatomical models or touch

Kinesthetic

First step in developing educational objectives

Main purpose of education

Colostomy bag

used to capture and discard feces

Examples of health home monitoring equipment

Smartwatch for heart rate, glucometer, automated BP cuff, pulse oximeter

Team-based patient care

partnership between providers & patients

Patient-centered medical home

coordinates pt. treatment through PCP to ensure care is given; includes comprehensive care, patient-centered care, coordinated care, accessible services, & quality and safety commitments

Comprehensive care

care for patient’s needs, not just medical or physical

Patient centered care

pt. and families are core members of team

Coordinated care

provider-directed medical practice oversees all specialty care, hospital, home health care, and community services

Accessible services

include tools (open scheduling, extended hours, communication w/ providers) through pt. info web portals

Quality and safety commitments

delivering quality healthcare, collecting safety data

Accountable care organizations

Group of medical professionals associated with defined pt. population that are accountable for the quality and cost of care delivered to those patients

PCP

Primary care provider; can be family practitioners, internal medicine, MDs, DOs, or pediatricians

Specialist

provider that treats condition requiring specific expertise or knowledge

Physician assistant

supervised by MD or DO; can conduct exams, diagnostic tests, assist with surgical procedures, diagnose, and prescribe

Advanced practice Nurse (APN)

More education than RN, can perform many same tasks as PA

Registered Nurse (RN)

licensed by individual states, have associate or bachelor’s degree in nursing

Licensed practical nurse (LPN), A.K.A vocational

licensed by individual states, train for 1yr. at community college or vocational school, receive diploma or associate degree; triage phone calls, administer meds, and assist w/ duties

Pharmacist

prepare and dispense medications

Social worker

assist patients and families and times of transition or crisis

Successful transitional care

appropriate coordination & continued quality in health care as pt. moves from one provider to another

Age that mammogram screenings should start

age 40

Age that Pap tests / cervical cancer screenings are recommended

every 3yr. from 21 to 29, every 3-5yrs if it’s a test for HPV for age 30 to 65

Age colonoscopy is recommended

age 45

Age for screening of lung cancer

adults 50-80 who have a 20-pack-year history & currently smoke or quit in past 15 yrs

Patients more at risk of osteoporosis

postmenopausal patients younger than 65

Recommended timing for blood glucose tests

every 3 years

Recommendation for dilated eye exams

pt. with increased risk of eye disease

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

enlarged area in lower part of aorta that supplies blood to body

recommended time for AAA screening

one time screening for male pt. aged 65-75 who have ever smoked

Hep C recommended screening time

one time for pt. born 1945 & 1965, had blood transfusion or transplant before 1992, use of injected illegal drugs, chronic liver disease, HIV, or AIDS

HIV screening time

patients aged 15-65

Drinking in moderation

female patients have no more than 1 drink a day, male have no more than 2

Clinical quality measures

ways to identify treatments, processes, experiences, and outcomes

Adult day programs

offer daily activities for older adults

Assistive living

housing for older adults or disabled individuals that provide nursing care, housekeeping, and meal prep; pt. can partially care for self

Long-term care

offer services for individuals who can no longer perform basic daily living activities independently

Recommended amount of aerobic exercise to lower BP

40 mins at moderate to vigorous intensity 3-4 times a week

Frequency of updating information about community resources

at least every 6 months; post in location readily available both in office and practice’s website

Recommended sodium intake in patients with hypertension

less than 2400mg daily

TASH

advocates for human rights and inclusion for people who have significant disabilities and support needs

The Arc

develops programs, funding, and public policy assisting individuals with goals

Professional which orders referrals for patients to see specialists

PCP orders

Kinesthetic learning style

Hands-on learning; example is patient demonstrating how to take own blood sugar