Neurocritical Care Medications: Steroids, Diuretics, and Seizure Drugs

Decadron (dexamethasone)

Steroid used to reduce brain swelling

Mannitol

Diuretic used to lower intracranial pressure (brain pressure)

Ativan (lorazepam)

Benzodiazepine used to stop seizures and calm sedation

Propofol (Diprivan)

Fast-acting sedative used for anesthesia or ICU sedation

Dexmedetomidine (Precedex)

ICU sedative that keeps patients calm but breathing

Phenytoin/Fosphenytoin

Anti-seizure drug used to prevent or treat seizures

Keppra (levetiracetam)

Common anti-seizure medication

Vasopressin (ADH)

Hormone that raises blood pressure and treats diabetes insipidus

Nimodipine (Nimotop)

Prevents brain blood vessel spasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage

Hypertonic 3% saline

Concentrated salt solution used to lower brain swelling and intracranial pressure