Stupňování přídavných jmen (Degrees of Comparison of Czech Adjectives)

Vocabulary flashcards detailing rules, consonant mutations, irregular forms, and periphrastic comparison in Czech adjective degrees of comparison.

Komparativ (Comparative)

The degree of comparison of an adjective used when a comparison is present; formed by adding the suffix -ejší or -ší to the stem (e.g., milý -> milejší).

Superlativ (Superlative)

The degree of comparison of an adjective formed by attaching the prefix nej- to the comparative form (e.g., nejmilejší, nejlepší).

Stupňování opisem

Periphrastic comparison formed analytically using adverbs such as (nej)více, (nej)méně, (nej)silněji, or (nej)déle followed by the base word (e.g., více jistý, nejméně zručný).

Consonant alternation R -> Ř

A stem sound change occurring during comparative formation, as demonstrated in chytrý -> chytřejší.

Consonant alternation Z -> Ž

A stem sound change occurring during comparative formation, as demonstrated in blízký -> bližší.

Consonant alternation S -> Š

A stem sound change occurring during comparative formation, as demonstrated in vysoký -> vyšší.

Consonant alternation Ch -> Š

A stem sound change occurring during comparative formation, as demonstrated in jednoduchý -> jednodušší.

Consonant alternation H -> Ž

A stem sound change occurring during comparative formation, as demonstrated in drahý -> dražší.

Consonant alternation SK -> ŠŤ

A consonant cluster shift occurring during comparative formation, as demonstrated in přátelský -> přátelštější.

Consonant alternation CK -> ČŤ

A consonant cluster shift occurring during comparative formation, as demonstrated in sympatický -> sympatičtější.

K > Č + -í comparative pattern

A phonological mutation rule where the stem-final K alternates to Č followed by the suffix -í, seen in lehký -> lehčí, měkký -> měkčí, and tenký -> tenčí.

Dobrý (comparison)

An irregular Czech adjective meaning 'good', which forms the comparative lepší and the superlative nejlepší.

Zlý (comparison)

An irregular Czech adjective meaning 'bad' or 'evil', which forms the comparative horší and the superlative nejhorší.

Velký (comparison)

An irregular Czech adjective meaning 'big' or 'large', which forms the comparative větší and the superlative největší.

Malý (comparison)

An irregular Czech adjective meaning 'small', which forms the comparative menší and the superlative nejmenší.

Dlouhý (comparison)

An irregular Czech adjective meaning 'long', which forms the comparative delší and the superlative nejdelší.