Livestock Breeds Identification: Beef Cattle, Dairy Cattle, Horses, Swine, Sheep, and Goats

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering the visual identification and key characteristics of major breeds of beef cattle, dairy cattle, horses, swine, sheep, and goats required for the animal science laboratory practical.

Angus

A beef cattle breed featured in the laboratory practical identification slides, represented by a solid black, naturally polled bull and cow.

Brahman

A beef cattle breed characterized by a pronounced hump over the top of the shoulder and neck, large drooping ears, and loose dewlap skin.

Brangus

A beef cattle breed developed from a cross of Brahman and Angus, showing black coloration, polled conformation, and slight Brahman ear and hump characteristics.

Charolais

A large-framed beef cattle breed characterized by a solid white or creamy-white coat.

Chianini

A very large-framed white beef cattle breed with dark skin pigmentation and dark points, featured in the laboratory practical reference.

Hereford

A horned beef cattle breed characterized by a red body with a distinct white face, crest, dewlap, underline, and switch.

Polled Hereford

A beef cattle breed sharing the distinctive red body and white face pattern of the Hereford, but naturally hornless (polled).

Gelbvieh

A beef cattle breed that can exhibit either a Red or Black coat color, where Red tends to be dominant and Black is recessive.

Gelbvieh Coat Color Genetics

In Gelbviehs, coat color can be 'Red' or 'Black'; Red tends to be the dominant color trait, while Black is the recessive trait.

Limousin

A heavily muscled beef cattle breed characterized by a golden-red to reddish-brown (or black) coat color with lighter circles around the eyes and muzzle.

Simmental

A beef cattle breed that exhibits either a solid color pattern or a Piebald (red/brown and white spotted) color pattern.

Holstein

A major dairy cattle breed recognized by its prominent black-and-white patched coat pattern.

Jersey

A refined dairy cattle breed characterized by a light tan to fawn or dark fawn coat and a dark muzzle with a pale surrounding ring.

Guernsey

A dairy cattle breed characterized by a golden-fawn to red coat color with clearly defined white markings.

Brown Swiss

A large dairy cattle breed with a solid gray, fawn, or dark brown coat, dark hooves, and a black muzzle bordered by a pale ring.

Aryshire

A dairy cattle breed characterized by distinct reddish-brown or mahogany markings broken on a white background.

Milking Shorthorn

A dairy breed characterized by red, white, red and white, or roan coat coloration.

Appaloosa

A light horse breed recognized for its distinct spotted coat patterns, mottled skin, striped hooves, and visible white sclera around the eye.

Arabian

An ancient light horse breed noted for a dished facial profile, arched neck, large nostrils, and high natural tail carriage.

Morgan

A compact, muscular light horse breed known for its upright, arched neck, expressive head, and refined carriage.

Pinto

A horse breed characterized by large, irregular patches of white combined with another solid coat color.

American Quarter Horse

A well-muscled, compact American horse breed noted for its stocky build and sprinting speed over short distances.

American Saddlebred

A flashy light horse breed known for high-stepping action, a long elegant neck, refined head, and high-set tail.

Tennessee Walking Horse

A gaited light horse breed known for its smooth running walk, upright neck carriage, and show-ring presence.

Thoroughbred

A tall, athletic, and lean light horse breed bred primarily for racing, characterized by long legs and a deep chest.

Belgian

A heavy draft horse breed typically characterized by a sorrel or chestnut body with a flaxen mane and tail and clean, heavy legs.

Clydesdale

A Scottish draft horse breed characterized by extensive feathering on the lower legs, prominent white face markings, and high leg stockings.

Percheron

A French draft horse breed typically black or gray in color, known for heavy muscling and clean legs lacking long feathering.

Shire

A large British draft horse breed characterized by immense height, powerful conformation, and substantial feathering on the lower legs.

Suffolk (Horse)

A British draft horse breed featuring a solid chestnut coat, clean legs without feathering, and a compact, round-barreled body.

Pietran

A swine breed characterized by piebald black spotting on a white body, erect ears, and extreme lean muscular development.

Hampshire (Swine)

A swine breed characterized by a solid black body with a distinct white belt encircling the shoulders and front legs, accompanied by erect ears.

Spot

A swine breed characterized by a clearly defined black-and-white spotted pattern across the body and drooped ears.

Berkshire

A black swine breed possessing six white points (face, four feet, and tail switch) and distinctive erect ears.

Meishan

A Chinese swine breed characterized by dark, heavily wrinkled skin, large drooping ears, and high prolificacy.

Yorkshire

A popular maternal swine breed characterized by an entirely white body and erect ears.

Landrace

A long-bodied, white maternal swine breed characterized by large, heavy ears that droop forward over the eyes.

Duroc

A terminal swine breed recognized by its reddish-brown color and drooped ears.

Southdown

A small to medium-framed sheep breed characterized by a compact, low-set body and a gray-to-mouse-brown face and lower legs.

Hampshire (Sheep)

A large-framed meat sheep breed characterized by a bold head with black face and legs, and a wool cap on the poll.

Polled Dorset

A medium-wool sheep breed characterized by an all-white fleece, white open face and legs, and the absence of horns.

Merino

A sheep breed identified in the practical notes as a medium wool breed, noted for heavy wool coverage and curved horns in rams.

Cheviot

A hardy sheep breed characterized by a clean white face, bare white legs free of wool, black hooves, and erect, alert ears.

Suffolk (Sheep)

A prominent meat-type sheep breed recognizable by a completely bare, black head and black legs with no wool cap on the poll.

Finnsheep

A white-faced, polled sheep breed known for its prolificacy, high lambing rate, and clean fleece.

Katahdin

A hair breed of sheep developed to naturally shed its winter coat without requiring shearing.

Boer

A meat goat breed characterized by a white body, reddish-brown head and neck, and long pendulous ears.

Alpine

A dairy goat breed characterized by erect ears, a straight facial profile, and varied color markings across does and bucks.

Anglo-nubian

An all-purpose goat breed distinguished by long, wide pendulous ears and a pronounced convex 'Roman' nose.

Pygmy

A compact, miniature goat breed characterized by a full coat, heavy bone, and small body stature in both does and bucks.

Kiko

A hardy meat goat breed originating in New Zealand, known for substantial horns and athletic conformation in does and bucks.