Neisseria + Moraxella

What shape would be seen with specimens suspected of Neisseria sp. or Moraxella catarrhalis?

Gram-negative diplococci (kidney or coffee bean shaped)

Neisseria sp. and Moracella catarrhalis are catalase _.

POS

What system is used to transport Neisseria sp. and Moraxella catarrhalis specimens?

JEMBEC transport agar

Modified Thayer-martin has _________ that suppresses swarming proteus.

Trimethoprim

Thayer-martin media has ______, ______, and _______ antibiotics.

colistin, vancomycin, nystatin

Neisseria sp. and Moraxella catarrhalis are all oxidase _.

POS

_______ test identifies bacteria that produces the enzyme Cytochrome c oxidase, which is part of the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration.

Oxidase

Carbohydrate Utilization (CTA): N. gonorrhoeae is only positive for _______.

glucose

The CTA test is used to determine the ability of an organism to ferment __________ such as glucose.

carbohydrates

What color change in an CTA tube indicates a positive result?

yellow

N. gonorrhoeae is ___ for a nitrate test.

NEG

Kingella denitrificans and Moraxella catarrhalis are ___ for a nitrate test.

POS

________ test determines the ability of an organism to reduce nitrate to nitrite.

Nitrate reduction

What color change indicates a positive result for a nitrate reduction test?

red precipitate

What organism can be present as a commensal inhabitant of the upper respiratory tract of carriers?

N. meningitidis

What organism is most likely to be seen intracellularly in PMN’s?

N. gonorrhoeae

N. gonorrhoeae is

• Catalase _

• Oxidase _

• Nitrate_

• Catalase positive

• oxidase positive

• Nitrate negative

N. gonorrhea is only able to ferment what type of carbohydrate?

Glucose

Dacron or rayon swabs are preferred for N. gonorrhea collection over cotton or wood shafts because …

Cotton inhibits and wood is toxic

Blood cultures may have low yield because SPS (sodium polyanethol sulfonate) in commercial blood culture broths is toxic for _________ and __________.

N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis

2 diseases caused by N. gonorrhoeae.

• Gonorrhea (STI)

• Disseminated gonococcal infections which progresses to septic joint (gonococcal arthritis)

What treatment is used to treat N. gonorrhoeae?

Cephalosporins

Why are cephalosporins used to treat N. gonorrhea instead of penicillin?

N. gonorrhea resists penicillin due to beta-lactamase production

N. meningitidis is …

• catalase _

• Oxidase _

• catalase POS

• Oxidase POS

What CTA tubes will be positive if the bacteria is N. meningitidis? (remember M for meningitidis)

• Glucose

• maltose

What are the specimens of choice for N. meningitidis?

• CSF

• Blood (why do you think that maybe no organisms will be seen from this specimen?)

• Conjunctiva

Why do you think that we needed vaccines before we got into college for N. meningitidis?

It is transmitted by close contact with respiratory droplets in college dorms or military bases

__________ syndrome is characterized by fulminant sepsis (shock), large petechial rashes, and internal bleeding, and disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome

What are some commensal flora that resides on the respiratory tract?

• N. lactamica

• N. sicca

• N. mucosa

Commensal/Saprophytic Neisseria are…

• Catalase _

• Oxidase _

• Catalase POS

• Oxidase POS

N. lactamica is ______ positive, which differentiates it from others.

beta-galactosidase

Moraxella catarrhalis is an _______ organism that grows best at 35-37C.

aerobic

Moraxella catarrhalis appear as Gram positive cocci in _____, ______, and ______.

pairs, tetrads, and small clusters

What is one test that is specific for Moraxella that comes out Positive?

Butyrate esterase

Moraxella catarrhalis is …

• Dnase _

• Nitrate _

• PRO _

• Dnase POS

• Nitrate POS

• PRO NEG

Moraxella catarrhalis has assaccarolytic results for CTA tubes. What does that mean?

None of the sugars will turn yellow

What is one distinctive trait of Moraxella catarrhalis’ colony morphology?

Hockey puck movement when pushed with a loop

______ tests for the detection of the enzyme butyrate esterase, which if positive will turn blue-violet.

Butyrate esterase

Moraxella cheese tastes like …

booty Este wey (Butyrate esterase)

_________ test is used to determine the ability of an organism to hydrolyze DNA and utilize it as a source of carbon and energy for growth?

Deoxyribonuclease (DNase)