OCR A-Level Geography: Human Rights and Global Governance

A comprehensive set of fill-in-the-blank practice flashcards covering definitions, case studies (India, Myanmar, Afghanistan, and Honduras), and key geopolitical concepts from the OCR A-Level Geography Human Rights and Global Governance revision guide.

Long-established, accepted, and customary standards of moral, legal, and social behavior that guide international law, conventions, and state policies are known as __________.

norms

Geopolitical actions taken by sovereign states, international organisations, or NGOs inside another state's territory without prior consent to address human rights violations are referred to as __________.

intervention

The study of how geographical factors such as territorial boundaries and regional spatial relationships influence international political decisions is called __________.

geopolitics

The complex set of institutional arrangements, legal frameworks, international treaties, and cooperative partnerships operating across global to local scales to maintain order is known as __________.

global governance

The principle under international law that sovereign states should not attempt to promote border changes or violent interference in another sovereign state's territory is known as __________.

territorial integrity

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is calculated as the annual number of female deaths related to pregnancy or its management per __________ live births.

$$100{,}000$$

Work or service extracted from any person under the threat of any penalty and for which the person has not offered themselves voluntarily is defined as __________.

forced labour

Individuals or groups who are forced to flee their homes due to armed conflict or human rights abuses but have not crossed an internationally recognized border are known as __________.

internally displaced persons (IDPs)

In India, over __________ of female non-agricultural workers are employed in informal, low-paid, or domestic work lacking legal protections and steady wages.

$$80\%$$

Despite legal frameworks such as the Hindu Succession Amendment Act, cultural practices in India result in women accounting for less than __________ of landholders.

$$15\%$$

In India's national parliament (Lok Sabha), women occupy under __________ of the seats.

$$15\%$$

Although local councils in India have reserved quotas for women, the informal practice known as __________ often leads to male relatives wielding operational decision-making power.

Pati Panchayat

In India, female literacy exhibits significant spatial inequality, exceeding $90\%$ in Kerala but dropping below $60\%$ in states such as Rajasthan and __________.

Bihar

In India, gender-biased sex selection and infanticide have historically caused the child sex ratio in the state of __________ to fall below $900$ females per $1{,}000$ males.

Haryana

Low female labor force participation rates in India, ranging around __________, hinder broad economic expansion and depress household income.

$$20\text{--}25\%$$

The Indian national government campaign targeted at rectifying child sex ratio imbalances and supporting girls' educational retention is called __________.

Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao

The Indian grassroots organization providing microfinance, vocational training, and healthcare access to millions of female informal workers is __________.

SEWA (Self-Employed Women's Association)

The country estimated to execute the highest number of people annually under capital punishment is __________.

China

Under the conflict-human rights dynamic, human rights violations such as systemic discrimination and resource exclusion act as a __________ of conflict.

cause

In Afghanistan, the primary United Nations mission responsible for tracking and reporting human rights abuses is __________.

UNAMA (United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan)

In Afghanistan, systematic human rights persecutions and violence have notably targeted the ethnic minority known as the __________.

Hazara

In response to political violence in Myanmar, the regional organization ASEAN established a diplomatic framework known as the __________.

Five-Point Consensus

Legal proceedings regarding Myanmar's actions against the Rohingya minority under the Genocide Convention were brought before the __________.

International Court of Justice (ICJ)

In Honduras, criminal drug trafficking gangs known as __________ exert control over multiple urban communities and drive high rates of violent crime.

maras

In Honduras, institutional efforts to achieve stability are hindered by persistent high rates of judicial __________ for violent crimes.

impunity

A critical structural economic vulnerability facing Honduras is its heavy dependency on foreign aid and overseas __________.

remittances

In Honduras, activists defending land rights and the __________ face ongoing threats, attacks, and violence.

environment