Bio 1016 Joints + movements

Quadriceps tendon

patellar ligament

posterior cruciate ligament

medial /tibial collateral ligament

medial meniscus

lateral meniscus

lateral /fibular collateral ligament

anterior cruciate ligament

articular cartilage

What are the three structural classifications of a joint?

fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

Structural classification: fibrous

Suture, syndesmoses, gomphoses

Structural classification: cartilaginous

symphyses (fibrocartilage-intervertebral discs)

synchondroses (hyaline-epiphyseal)

Structural classification: synovial

diarthrotic joints (6)

what are the three functional classifications of a joint?

synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, diarthrotic

immovable, slightly movable, freely movable

functional classification: synarthrotic

suture

functional classification: amphiarthrotic

syndesmoses, gomphoses, symphyses

diarthrotic joints: 6 types

saddle, pivot, hinge, condylar, plane/gliding, ball and socket

saddle joint example

synovial, diarthrotic

trapeziometacarpal

pivot joint example

synovial, diarthrotic

radioulnar

hinge joint example

synovial, diarthrotic

humeroulnar

condylar joint example

synovial, diarthrotic

metacarpophalangeal

plane/gliding joint example

synovial, diarthrotic

intercarpals

ball and socket joint example

synovial, diarthrotic

humeroscapular (shoulder)

sutures

fibrous, synarthrotic

sutures of skull

gomphoses

fibrous, synarthrotic

tooth sockets

syndesmoses

fibrous, amphiarthrotic

tibiofibular joint

synchondroses

cartilaginous, synarthrotic

epiphyseal plates

symphyses

cartilaginous, amphiarthrotic

intervertebral discs (or pubis symphysis)

Abduction (limb out away from midline)

Adduction (limb in towards midline)

Protraction (forward/away midline)

Retraction (backwards/towards midline)

flexion (decrease angle btwn parts)

extension (increase angle btwn parts)

Dorsiflexion (foot upward from ankle)

Plantar flexion (foot downward from ankle)

supination (palms up)

pronation (palms down)

Inversion (sole of foot towards midline)

Eversion (sole of foot away midline)

elevation (lifting of body part)

depression (lowering of a body part)

circumduction (distal part of limb circulates, cone shape)