psych exam 2

germinal stage

Conception occurs when sperm fertilizes an egg and forms a zygote (0-2) weeks

Embryonic stage

Placenta forms and organs begin to form and function

Fetal stage

continued development, body increasing (9 week-birth)

Teratogen

any environmental agent (biological, chemical, or physical) that causes damage

Common Teratogens

smoking, alcohol, meds, foods

critical period

a specific, limited window of time early in the lifespan when the nervous system requires exact environmental stimuli to develop normal physical, sensory, or cognitive functions

Object performance

the cognitive understanding that people and things continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, heard, or touched

Fine motor skills

focus on the muscles in our finger, toes, and eyes and enable coordination of small actions

Gross motor skills

focuses on large muscle groups that control arms and legs, involve larger movements

Schema

concept or framework that organizes and interprets information

Assimilation

interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas

Accommodation

adapting our current schema to incorporate new info

sensorimotor

preoperational

concerte operational

formal operational

secure base

how do we study attachment

secure attachment style

child uses the parent as a secure base from which to explore

insecure avoidant attachment style

unresponsive to parent, does not use the parent as a secure base and does not care if parents leave

insecure resistant attachment style

show clingy behaviors, but rejetcs mothers attempts to interact with them by fighting against the closeness

insecure disorganized

appear disoriented, showing strong patterns of avoidance and resistance

temperament

easy child

difficult child

slow to warm up child

authoritative parenting

authoritarian parenting

Permissive parenting

uninvolved parenting

adolesence

morality

kohlberg’s theory

emerging adulthood

5 stages of grief

define sex

gender

gender identity

gender expression

sexuality

sexual orientation

Primary sex characteristics

secondary sex characteristics

adolescence in puberty

androgyny

gender typing

what is the kinsey scale

sensation

perception

top-down processing

bottom up processing

absolute threshold

difference threshold

sensory adaption

perceptual set

lights wavelength and amplitude

lights hue and intensity/brightness

Rods

cones

Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory 

opponent processing theory:

monocular cues

binocular cues

visual cliff

what doe visual cliff test?

Gestalt psychology

What is the figure and ground principle?

Hearing - Know the processes/steps of hearing

outer ear

middle ear

inner ear

Conductive hearing loss

sensorineural hearing loss

hearing aids

cochlear implant

know the 4 skin senses

What are phantom limb sensations?

Smell - What type of receptor cells does it rely on?

Kinesthesia sense

Vestibular sense

What type of receptors does vestibular sense rely on?

What part of the brain are nerve signals sent to?

what senses are chemical senses