3+4 Carrier Mediated Transport and Cell structures and functions

Carrier mediated transport

moves large, water soluble molecules or electrically charged ions through the cell membrane using carrier molecules. These carriers are specific to certain substances.

Active transport

Low → High, ATP, carrier molecules

Endocytosis

The uptake of material into the cell through the formation of a vesicle, which is a membrane bound sac.

Phagocytosis

Transports large, solid particles or even whole cells into the cell.

Pinocytosis

Uses small vesicles to transport liquids into the cell.

Receptor

mediated endocytosis. A specific substance binds to a receptor on the cell membrane before being taken into the cell.

Exocytosis

Secretory vesicles collect materials and release them outside the cell.

Cell

the basic unit of life that carries out essential processes, including obtaining energy, maintaining homeostasis, growing, responding to its environment, and reproducing when appropriate.

cell membrane

outer boundary of the cell. controls what enters and leaves. made primarily of a phospholipid bilayer.

Nucleus

contains most of the cell's DNA. Controls cell activities by regulating gene expression. surrounded by a nuclear envelope.

Mitochondria

produce most of the atp used by the cell through cellular respiration. often called the cell's powerhouse.

Cytoplasm

includes the cytosol and the structures suspended in it. Many chemical reactions occur in the cytoplasm.