Bio cell cycle and division

What is Interphase?

Period of cell growth and preparing to divide

What is mitosis?

Division of nucleus

What is cytokinesis?

Division of cytoplasm and organelles

What happens in G₁?

Cell grows and develops

What happens in S?

Doubles DNA

What happens in G₂?

Checks itself for errors before

Mitosis results in ___ cells that are genetically _____ to the original

2, identical

Meiosis results in ___ cells that are genetically _____ to the original

4, different

Cancer cells speed through which phase of the cell cycle?

Interphase

What are stem cells?

A cell that has the ability to turn into any type of cell

What is nondisjunction?

Failure of chromosomes

What is apoptosis?

Programmed cell death

What is fertilization?

The act of joining of two sex cells

What is crossing over?

When chromosomes swap DNA in sex cells before dividing

What are somatic cells?

Body cells (anything but a sex cell)

What are gametes?

Sex cells

What is haploid?

Half the number of chromosomes; 23

What is diploid?

The full amount of chromosomes; 46

What type of cell division occurs in sex cells?

Meiosis

What type of cell division occurs in body cells?

Mitosis

What is monosomy?

When you are short a chromosome (45)

What is trisomy?

When you have an extra chromosome (47)

Trisomy 21 is called:

Down Syndrome

Having an extra X chromosome (XXY) is called:

Kleinfelter

Cri-du-chat is when you are missing:

A piece of #5 chromosome