anatomy histology test

connective tissue

widely distributed, in bones, cartilage, and fat deposits, surrounds and cushions body organs and has large of amount of extracellular material, penetrated with blood vessels, internal

epithelial tissue

forms membranes, protects and lines, cells absorb and secrete substances, forms endocrine and exocrine glands, many cells with little matrix

muscle tissue

allows limb and organ movement, cells shorten to exert force, function is to contrast and move body

nervous tissue

communicates and conducts, forms brain and spinal cord

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

single cell layer, different height cells, lines respiratory tract, propels substances like mucus across surfaces

simple columnar epithelium

found in the small intestine/digestive tract, forms lining in stomach and intestine, absorbs food nutrients/enzymes, tall cells, have goblet cells

simple squamous epithelium

single layer of cells, filtration/ diffusion of nutrients, in lungs and blood vessels

simple cuboidal epithelium

single cell layer, cube cells+large nuclei, kidney tubules, filtration

stratified squamous epithelium

thick membrane, several cell layers, full of keratin, outer part of skin, sheds, esophagus+mouth, protects against friction

transitional epithelium

stretches, in bladder, many layers of cells

stratified cuboidal epithelium

multiple cell layers, protection, mammary sweat and salivary glands

stratified columnar epithelium

multiple layers of cuboidal cells, secrete and protect, eye and pharynx

aerolar

loose, proper, cushions organs, contins fibroblasts, microphage, mast cells, hold tissue fluid, organs

adipose

proper, loose, closely packed fat cells, nuclei pushed aside, insulates, under skin, surround organs, in eye, breasts

reticular

proper, loose, fibers in loose ground substance, cells on network, houses blood cells, lymph nodes, spleen

dense regular

proper, dense, parallel collagen fibers, fibroblast and elastic fibers, pull in one direction, tendons and ligaments, muscle to bone

dense irregular

irregularly arranged collagen fibers, tension many directions, dermis

hyaline cartilage

ends of bones, firm matrix, chondrocyte in lacunae, support and reinforce, forms skeletons, cartilage of ribs

elastic cartilage

more elastic fibers in matrix, maintain shape and structure, external ear

fibrocartilage

thick collagen fibers, intervertebral discs, tensile strength, absorb compressive shock

bone (osseous)

hard/calcified matrix, highly vascularized, support and protects, marrow is blood cell formation site

blood tissue

red and white blood cells in matrix, transport nutrients and materials, in blood vessels

spongy bone

highly vascular, close to joints and long bones (vertebrae/ribs), site of blood cell production

lymph

immunity, develop bone marrow, generates B and T cells, white blood cells, natural killer cells, develop bone marrow

skeletal muscle

long cylindrical, has striations, voluntary movement, face control, bones/skin, banded, non branching, multi nucleus

cardiac muscle

branched, involuntary, single nucleus per cell, cylindrical cells, intercalated discs

smooth muscle

spindle shaped cells, central and single nuclei, so striations, involuntary, in walls of stomach/arteries, changes volume of organ as it contracts

nervous tissue

brain, spinal chords, nerves, communication and conduction