HILD 7A Midterm Flashcards

“Cast down your bucket where you are”

Booker T. Washington’s famous metaphor urging Black citizens to focus on immediate, local economic self-reliance such as agriculture, mechanics, trade, and industrial education

Carimbo

brand mark burned onto the skin of enslaved captives w/ hot irons to mark ownership

Mali

West African empire whose ruler, Mansa Musa, flooded Egypt with/ gold during 14th century pilgrimage

13th Amendment

Abolished slavery

• ratified in 1865

14th Amendment

Declared that all persons born or naturalized in the U.S. are citizens of the country and their state of residence

• Prohibited states from depriving any person of life, liberty, or property without due process and guaranteed all people equal protection under the law

• Ratified in 1868

15th Amendment

Prohibited the federal govt and states from denying or abridging a citizen’s right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude

• Ratified in 1870

Contraband

Term for escaped slaves who fled to the Union military lines and were confiscated as contraband of war

Sugar cane

Primary cash crop cultivated on early Portuguese island plantations

Maroon societies

communities estb by those who escaped slavery

Saltwater slaves

newly arrived African captives who had survived the Transatlantic ocean crossing

“Spend your Money Where you can Work” Campaign

1930s grassroots boycott in Chicago’s Black belt against white businesses refusing to hire Blacks

Social death

Stephanie Smallwood’s term for total physical, cultural, and social severing of captives from their homeland

Fort Pillow Massacre

1864 event in Tennessee where Confederate troops under Nathan Bedford Forrest slaughtered Black union soldiers

Elmina Castle

Portuguese coastal fortification built in 1482 along the Gold Coast containing slave dungeons

Hush Harbors

Secret religious gatherings held by enslaved people in hidden woods or thickets

Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854

Law allowing popular sovereignty to decide slavery in Midwestern territories

Fugitive Slave Law of 1850

Required free states to assist in capturing and returning escaped slaves

54th Massachusetts Regiment

All Black Union army regiment that fought at the assault on Fort Wagner, SC in 1863

• Regiment famously refused to accept discriminatory lower pay compared to white soldiers

• Proved that Black troops could fight effectively which inspired over 180k Blacks to enlist

Philipsburg Proclamation

1779 British proclamation offering unconditional freedom to all enslaved persons who fled to British lines

North Star

Abolitionist newspaper by Frederick Douglass

The Liberator

Abolitionist newspaper by William Lloyd Garrison

Hansberg V. Lee

1940 Supreme Court case that struck down a restrictive housing covenant in Chicago

Dred Scott Decision

1857 Supreme Court decision ruling that black people weren’t citizens and had no legal rights

Guinn v. United States

Major victory won by the NAACP in which the Supreme Court ruled that grandfather clauses in Oklahoma and Maryland violated the 15th Amendment