Agricultural Tools, Land Preparation, Seed Selection, and Crop Care

Vocabulary flashcards covering agricultural tools, equipment, land preparation steps, seed selection criteria, seed testing methods, planting types, transplanting, and weed control practices.

Crowbar

A digging tool used for deep digging and excavating big stones.

Grub-hoe

A digging tool used for breaking hard topsoil and pulverizing soil.

Pick-mattock

A digging tool used for digging canals, breaking hard topsoil, digging up stones, and tree stumps; digs deeper than a spade.

Shovel

A digging tool used for digging loose soil, removing trash, moving soil from one place to another, and mixing.

Spade

A digging tool used for removing trash or soil, digging canals, and mixing soil media.

Spading Fork

A tool used for loosening soil, digging out root crops, and turning over materials in a compost stack.

Axe

A cutting tool used for cutting trunks or branches of trees.

Bolo

A cutting tool used for cutting weeds, bamboo poles, and wood.

Pruning Shear

A tool used for cutting branches, planting materials, unnecessary branches, and removing inflorescences containing numerous fruits.

Hand Cultivator

A cultivating tool used like a small plow to dig planting rows.

Hand Fork

A cultivating tool used for cultivating the soil and weeding.

Hand Trowel

A cultivating tool used for loosening soil and mixing in fertilizer.

Light Hoe

A cultivating tool used for removing weeds and loosening soil in vegetable beds and under plants.

Rake

A tool used for drawing together cut grass or fallen leaves, and for leveling and smoothing the surface of a garden bed.

Sickle

A harvesting tool used to cut grass or crops at harvest time.

Four-wheel Tractor

A self-propelled vehicle designed to carry, pull, or propel agricultural machines and implements.

Hand Tractor

A self-propelled machine used for plowing, harrowing, and leveling the field.

Harrow

An implement used for breaking up and smoothing the soil.

Plows

Implements used for turning over the surface of the soil and burying stubble and weeds in preparation for crop cultivation.

Water Pump

A device that moves water from its source to the fields and crops.

Crate

A container used for transporting agricultural products, soil, and seeds.

Seedboxes

Containers used during the process of sowing seeds.

Seed Trays

Containers used for planting and cultivating seedlings in a controlled environment before transplanting them to their final growing location.

Sprinklers

Equipment used to apply water to the soil surface in a method that looks like rainfall.

Knapsack Sprayer

Equipment used for spraying insecticides and pesticides.

Wheelbarrow

A material used to transport piles of dirt, weeds, and any other small loads.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Necessary equipment used to protect individuals from exposure to potential risks or hazards.

Field Topography

The physical feature of an area that describes the land form and has a direct influence on crop production.

Soil Type

The physical composition or property of the soil.

Fully Mature Seed

A good seed characteristic defined as a seed that is large, firm, and starting to fade to yellow or brown.

Viable Seed

A seed that is capable of germination under suitable conditions.

True Type Seed

A seed that has the same characteristics as the original seed or is similar to the mother plant.

Germination Test

The most reliable seed testing method for viability, performed by placing a random sample of seeds in suitable conditions for 1 to 3 weeks to observe how many develop into healthy sprouts.

Visual Inspection

A seed testing method performed with the naked eye to see whether seeds have impurities, pests, and diseases.

Water Treatment (Seed Testing)

The quickest seed testing method for viability, done by dunking seeds in a glass of water for about 15 minutes, where good seeds sink and bad seeds float.

Direct Method

A planting method where seeds are directly planted into plots or fields until they are harvested.

Indirect Method

A planting method done by planting seeds in seed boxes or pots until they become seedlings, then transferring them to a permanent location.

Asexual Method

A planting method done by taking a part of a plant (stem, root, or leaves) and letting it regenerate into a new plant.

Transplanting

A method of planting seeds in a seed box and later transferring them to the garden plot when seedlings have 4 to 8 leaves or cuttings have new growth.

Transplanting Shock

A process where newly transplanted plants drop their older leaves as they transfer their energy into growing new roots and shoots.

Cultivation

The process of refining and digging the soil in preparation for planting crops to aerate the soil and mix underlying nutrients.

Weeding

The process of removing unwanted plants that compete with crops for soil nutrients.

Annual Weeds

Weeds that complete their growth in one season only, controlled by preventing them from producing seeds (e.g., crabgrass, knotweed, pigweed, and wild mustard).

Biennial Weeds

Weeds that complete their life cycle in two seasons (e.g., goat's beard, wild carrots, and wild eggplants).

Perennial Weeds

Weeds that complete their life cycle for two or more seasons, controlled by using herbicides or chemicals (e.g., cogon grasses, morning glory, quack grasses, and talahib).