AP World Chapter 16

Arawak

Amerindian peoples who inhabited the Greater Antilles of the Caribbean at the time of Columbus.

Zheng He

Chinese admiral during the Ming Dynasty, he led great voyages that spread China's fame throughout Asia

Henry the Navigator

Portuguese prince who promoted the study of navigation and directed voyages of exploration down the western coast of Africa.

caravel

a small, fast Spanish or Portuguese sailing ship of the 15th-17th centuries.

Gold Coast

southern coast of West Africa

Bartolomeu Dias

Portuguese explorer who rounded the tip of Africa

Vasco da Gama

the first European to reach India by sea sailing around the tip of Africa.

Christopher Columbus

Italian navigator who discovered the New World in the service of Spain while looking for a route to China (1451-1506)

Ferdinand Magellan

Portuguese navigator who led the Spanish expedition of 1519-1522 that was the first to sail around the world.

conquistador

A Spanish conqueror of the Americas

Hernan Cortes

Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico (1485-1547)

Moctezuma II

Last Aztec emperor, overthrown by the Spanish conquistador Hernan Cortes.

Atahualpa

Last Incan emperor

Francisco Pizarro

Spanish explorer who led the conquest of the Inca Empire of Peru in 1531-1533.

Vikings

Scandinavian peoples whose sailors raided Europe from the 700s through the 1100s

Chinese junk

Gigantic Chinese ship developed for rough voyages at sea

Ming Dynasty

Chinese dynasty that ruled from 1368 to 1644

Strait of Magellan

a waterway near the southern tip of South America

dhow

sailboat using wind-catching, triangular sails

Iberian Peninsula

the peninsula where present-day Spain and Portugal are located

Cape of Good Hope

Southern tip of Africa

Benin

A kingdom of the West African rain forest

Macao

a Portuguese trading post in Ming China

expedition

A long journey by a group to explore or do battle

amalgamate

to combine

cosmopolitan

familiar with and at ease in many different countries and cultures

epidemic

regional outbreak of a disease

headwinds

wind blowing against the direction of travel

entrepot

a port, city, or other center to which goods are brought for import and export, and for collection and distribution.

cartography

science or art of making maps

supernatural

beyond what is natural or observable; not explainable by the laws of nature

decimate

to kill or destroy a large part of

replicate

to repeat, to copy, or to duplicate