Zoology Lab Practical 1

3 Phylums of Kingdom Protista

Phylum Amoebozoa, Phylum Euglenozoa, Phylum Ciliophora

Do amoeba's react to stimuli

Yes

What is the main function of the contractile vacuole

rid excess water

How does the amoeba respire

through diffusion

How does the amoeba reproduce

asexually through binary fission

Due to their reproduction type, amoeba's have very little

diversity

Amoeba's feed by

phagocytosis

What is phagocytosis

cell eating/engulfing

Phylum Euglenozoa

Euglena

Two different forms of movement and locomotion within Euglena

flagellar movement and euglenoid movement (contractile movement)

How do Euglena satisfy their nutritional requirements? (How do they feed)?

Photosynthesis

Phylum Ciliophora

Paramecium

Does a paramecium swim in a straight line, a circle, or a zig zag?

Straight line

Does a paramecium keep one side uppermost or revolve on an axis

revolves on an axis

Does a paramecium have a definite end

yes

Does a paramecium seem to be contractile like Euglena

no

Why is the term spiral movement used to describe a paramecium's swimming habits

It spins in order to change direction

What does paramecium do when it encounters a barrier

just change course of direction

Do the two vacuoles of a paramecium empty at the same time or alternatively

alternatively

Phylum Porifera

Sponges

Phylum Cnidaria

Class Hydrozoa, Class Scyphozoa, Class Anthozoa

radial symmetry

Symmetry about a central axis.

polyp

The sessile, tubular form of a cnidarian with a mouth and tentacles at one end and a basal disk at the other ASEXUAL

medusa

A free-swimming cnidarian with a bell-shaped body and tentacles, sexual

oral

mouth

aboral

The end opposite the mouth

nematocyst

In cnidarians, a stinging cell that is used to inject a toxin into prey

cnidocyst

a stinging cell of a cnidarian

Class Hydrozoa

Hydra

Hydra's bud, what form of reproduction is budding

asexual

Does hydra exhibit poly, medusa, or both

polyp

Also Class Hydrozoa-

Physalia (Portugese-Man-of-War)

Is the Portuguese man-of-war an individual or colony?

colony

Class Scyphozoa

Aurelia - jellyfish(medusa)

What type of symmetry does the jellyfish Aurelia have?

Tetramerous radial symmetry

Class Anthozoa

sea anemones and corals (polyp)

Do anemones and corals have a medusa stage

No

Phylum Platyhelminthes

flat worms (Class Turbellaria), (Class Trematoda), (Class Cestoda)

Class Turbellaria

Dugesia (planaria)

How does a planaria respond to the stimuli of touch

it bunches up and retreats from the source of touch

What is the purpose of intestinal diverticula

It helps to provide extra surface area to hold more food

Does this worm have a mouth or anuys

mouth

Is the digestive tract complete or incomplete

incomplete, this is because the digestive tract splits into 2 posterior trunks, where they eventually terminate. Doesn't go from mouth to anus. Food is dispelled kicked out through mouth

Class Trematoda

flukes

Class Cestoda

tapeworms

Is the scolex a head or an attachment organ? Why?

attachment organ, no brain or mouth

Do you see a mouth on the scolex

no

How does the tape worm feed

through soaking up nutrients from outside environment, which is the host. Through the skin.

Phylum Nematoda

roundworms, ascaris

What is the purpose of the spicule

aids in sperm transfer during mating by fastening to female genital pore

Does this animal have a circulatory system

no

\

Does this worm have a mouth or an anus

both

Why is this worm considered to be dioecious

there is only one set of sex organs in each worm. Male and female separate individuals

Phylum Annelida

segmented worms

Class Oligochaeta

earthworms

Why is the worm considered to be monoecious

It has both male and female organs in the same individual, but cross fertilization occurs during conjugation

what is the function of the crop

temporary storage, flexible part of the esophagus

What is the function of the gizzard

muscular structures that grinds up any organic matte, functions similar to teeth in humans

What is the function of the intestine

digest food and absorb the nutrients

What is the function of the typhlosole

increase intestine surface area for more efficient absorption of digested nutrients.

Why is the circulatory system considered to be closed

blood is restricted to vessels, there is no emptying of blood into spaces

Is the digestive tract complete or incomplete

complete

How do you know whether the digestive system is complete or incomplete

they have both mouth and anus

Class Polychaeta

marine worms

What are the two purposes for parapodia in Nereis

movement and respiration

Class Hirudinea

leeches

What type of lifestyle do leeches live

parasitic

Phylum Mollusca

Class Bivalvia, Class Gastropoda, Class Polyplacophora, Class Cephelopoda, Class Scaphopoda

Class Bivalvia

clams, mussels, scallops, oysters

Class Gastropoda

snail, slug, conch

Class Polyplacophora

chitons

Class Cephalopoda

squid, octopus, nautilus

Class Scaphopoda

tusk shell

Phylum Arthropoda

jointed appendages and exoskeleton

Subphylum Crustacea

mandibles, 2 pair of antennae, gills. Ex. Shrimp, crab, lobster, barnacles

Class Arachnida

spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites. Chelicera present, no mandibles/anntenae, four pairs of walking legs, 2 body parts (cephalothorax, abdomen)

Class Chilopoda

centipedes; flattened body with one pair of legs per segment; head with long antennae; venom claws

Class Dilopoda

"Double feet." Members have two pairs of feet per body segment. The segmented bodies of these members are rounded and cylindrical.

Class Insecta

Three pairs of legs, one pair of antennae, can have wings. Three body parts, head thorax, abdomen.

Phylum Echinodermata

spiny skinned animals

Class Echinoidea

sand dollar, sea urchin

Class Holothuroidea

sea cucumbers

Class Ophiuroidea

Brittlestar

Class Asteroidea

starfish or sea star