Anatomy: Structural Organization, Cavities, and Planes
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44 Terms
Axial Portion
Refers to the central axis of the body, which includes the head, neck, and trunk.
Appendicular Portion
Refers to the upper and lower extremities attached to the axial portion, specifically the arms and legs.
Viscera
The internal organs situated within the main cavities of the body, also referred to as visceral organs.
Dorsal Cavity
Located along the back side (posterior aspect) of the body; contains the cranial and spinal cavities.
Cranial Cavity
Contains and protects the brain.
Spinal Cavity
Contains and protects the spinal cord.
Ventral Cavity
Located along the front side (anterior aspect) of the body; divided into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
Thoracic Cavity
The chest cavity situated above the diaphragm that contains the heart and lungs.
Abdominopelvic Cavity
The large region below the diaphragm combining the abdominal and pelvic cavities.
Diaphragm
A muscular wall that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal region.
Superior
Directed toward the head, or referring to the upper part of the body.
Inferior
Directed toward the feet, or referring to the lower part of the body.
Medial
Directed toward the midline (center vertical axis) of the body.
Sagittal Plane
A vertical plane that divides the body into right and left portions.
Midsagittal Plane
A specific midline sagittal plane that divides the body directly down the center into equal right and left halves.
Transverse Plane
A horizontal plane that divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) sections.
Axial Portion
Refers to the central axis of the body, which includes the head, neck, and trunk.
Appendicular Portion
Refers to the upper and lower extremities attached to the axial portion, specifically the arms and legs.
Viscera
The internal organs situated within the main cavities of the body, also referred to as visceral organs.
Dorsal Cavity
Located along the back side (posterior aspect) of the body; contains the cranial and spinal cavities.
Ventral Cavity
Located along the front side (anterior aspect) of the body; divided into thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
Cranial Cavity
Subdivision of the dorsal cavity that contains and protects the brain.
Spinal Cavity
Subdivision of the dorsal cavity that contains and protects the spinal cord.
Thoracic Cavity
The chest cavity situated above the diaphragm that contains the heart and lungs.
Diaphragm
A muscular wall that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal region.
Abdominopelvic Cavity
The combination of the abdominal and pelvic cavities located below the diaphragm.
Superior
Directional term meaning directed toward the head, or referring to the upper part of the body.
Inferior
Directional term meaning directed toward the feet, or referring to the lower part of the body.
Medial
Directional term meaning directed toward the midline (center vertical axis) of the body.
Sagittal Plane
A vertical plane that divides the body into right and left portions.
Midsagittal Plane
A specific midline sagittal plane that divides the body directly down the center into equal right and left halves.
Transverse Plane
A horizontal plane that divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) sections.