CHAP. 6 - exposure control (personal) Exam 1

Standard (Universal) Precautions

This practice is utilized for everyone and means the body fluids of all patients are treated as if they were infectious.

PPE

use of personal protective equipment (gloves, masks, or respirators, protective eye, face shield, hair coverings, & gowns)

DHCP

dental healthcare personnel have professional obligation to serve all patients with oral care & prevent cross contamination

Immunization & ACIP

Must be required (hep. B, influenza, MMR, tetanus, covid), reviewed annually by advisory committee on immunization practices

Protective Clothing

Must cover the knee, not worn outside clinic settings, change clothes if soaked or soiled by infectious, when protective clothing is removed turn inside out to prevent exposure to infectious material

Hair & Head Covering & (AGPS)

Off the shoulders & fasten back away from face. Head covering is advised (Aerosol Generating Procedures).

Barrier Protection, what does it composed of?

-surgical mask, protective eyewear, & gloves

-use of mask is first because it needs to be positioned first when prepared for clinical care procedures

-second is eyewear then hand hygiene

Mask Efficiency , what is the percentage?

-BFE is the measurement of the masks’ resistance to bacteria

-use surgical mask that will cover the nose and mouth with >95% BFE

-airborne smaller than 5um can reach alveoli of respiratory tract = infection

-use new masks for each patients / change each hr

-to remove masks, use the strings

-never place the mask under the chin

Respirator

-N95, N99, N100 are certified respirator

-Basically a well protective mask

Eyewear is essential?

Yes, for both professionals & patients. It’s necessary.

Bacteriology of the Skin & Hand Care

-resident bacteria live on the skin surface (epithelium) or deeper areas

-Transient bacteria reflect continuous contamination and are removed by washing

-no jewelry, no long nails, after washing put on gloves

Routine Handwash

Wet hands with water then soap, rub hands together for 15 secs covering all surfaces & interlacing, rinse, towel to dry. Procedure should take 40-60 secs.

Clinical Manifestations

-Methods of exposure: direct exposure to latex products = aeroallergen

-Type I hypersensitivity (immediate reaction) = hives, itis 5 mins to 2 hrs, shock, coughing, eyes itchy/watery, sneezing

-Type IV hypersensitivity (delayed reaction) = contact dermatitis develops 8 hrs to 5 days

The steps to wearing barrier protection properly?

1.mask

2.eyewear

3.hand hygiene

Types of eye wears

goggles, eye wear with shields, & eye wear with curved frames