Mr. Shertzer World History 10 Renaissance/Reformation/Counter-Reformation Study Guide

Renaissance

The rebirth of art and learning from 1300 to 1600, influenced by Greek and Roman times.

Medici family

A powerful banking family that ruled Florence and significantly influenced the Renaissance by funding art.

Machiavelli

An Italian Renaissance political philosopher known for his work 'The Prince', which discusses power and leadership.

The Prince

A book by Machiavelli that outlines how rulers can maintain power.

Gutenberg

Inventor of the printing press, which revolutionized the spread of ideas during the Renaissance.

95 Theses

A document by Martin Luther criticizing the Catholic Church, specifically the sale of indulgences.

Indulgences

Payments made to the Catholic Church that were believed to reduce punishment for sins.

Lutheranism

A major branch of Protestant Christianity that developed from the teachings of Martin Luther.

Calvinism

A branch of Protestantism that emphasizes predestination and the sovereignty of God in salvation.

Predestination

The doctrine that God has eternally chosen those whom he intends to save.

Anglican Church

The church established in England by Henry VIII, marking England's break from the Catholic Church.

Index of Forbidden Books

A list published by the Catholic Church of books deemed heretical or dangerous to faith.

Council of Trent

A council of the Catholic Church that addressed issues of the Protestant Reformation and clarified church doctrines.

Jesuits

An order of priests founded to spread Catholicism and counter the Reformation.

Utopia

A book by Sir Thomas More describing a fictional perfect society.

Humanism

A Renaissance intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements.

Printing Press

A machine invented by Gutenberg that allowed for the mass production of books and spread of knowledge.

Clemency and Cruelty

Machiavelli's argument that a ruler should be mostly merciful but should also inflict harsh punishment when necessary.