O-chem Exam 1 Reactions

If an alkene reacts with KMnO₄ / H₂O/ OH^-

forms a vicinal diol (2 OH groups on carbons next to each other), does not cut the double bond

If an alkene reacts with KMnO₄ / H₃O⁺

it leads to oxidative cleavage of the double bond, yielding ketones or carboxylic acids

If an alkene reacts with KMnO₄ / H₃O⁺ and the first carbon is attached to no hydrogen:

it will yield a ketone

If an alkene reacts with KMnO₄ / H₃O⁺ and the first carbon is attached to 1 hydrogen:

it will yield a carboxylic acid

If an alkene reacts with Br₂,

it will break the double bondand add bromine atoms across the double bond, resulting in a vicinal dibromide.

If an alkene reacts with HBr

it will add hydrogen and bromine across the double bond in a Markovnikov manner, resulting in an alkyl bromide.

If an alkene reacts with H₂O/H₂SO₄

it will add water across the double bond in a Markovnikov manner, resulting in an alcohol.

If an alkyne reacts with 2H₂/Pd

it will undergo hydrogenation resulting in an alkane.

If an alkyne reacts with with H₂/Lindlar

it will result in a cis-alkene through partial hydrogenation.

If an alkyne reacts with H₂O/HgSO₄/H₂SO₄

it will form a ketone, specifically through acid-catalyzed hydration in a Markovnikov manner.