Aquatic Science Unit 3 Test Review

atom

the building block of matter; indivisible

covalent bond

a bond between two atoms where the atoms share electrons/holds the hydrogen and oxygen atoms together in water

element

a substance composed of only one type of atom

hydrogen bond

a bond between molecules due to the attraction of slightly negative and slightly positive charged atoms

 hydrogen bonds in water between 4 and 0 °C

expand

molecule

two or more atoms chemically combined

heat capacity

the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 °C

Water has a _______ heat capacity

High

density

mass per unit volume

adhesion

the attractive force between two unlike substances

cohesion

the attractive force between two or more of the same molecules

surface tension

a property of liquid that allows it to resist external forces/ let things float

buoyancy

the upward force that acts on every object that is at least partially submerged in water

hydrostatic pressure

the force a liquid exerts on a body in all directions at one depth

Divers avoid decompression sickness (The bends) by

slowly changing hydrostatic pressure

diffusion

the process where matter in an area of high concentration moves to an area of low concentration

dissolve

to become fully incorporated into a liquid

synergy

when two or more things work together to produce a greater impact, positive or negative, than either would have by itself

nutrients

minerals and elements that serve a vital function in living organisms

turbidity

amount of solids in a liquid based on how much light is scattered by particles

total suspended solids (TSS)

total amount of solids in a liquid that can’t pass through a 2-micron filter

siltation

the settling of very small particles, such as sand and clay, at the bottom of a liquid

sedimentation

the settling of materials at the bottom of a liquid

Archimedes' principle

negative buoyancy it will sink. positive it will float

Liquids have a definite ____________, but not a definite _______________.

volume, shape

cause of "Blue baby" syndrome?

Too many Nitrates