7th Grade Math IA Test Prep Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards covering core 7th-grade math topics including rational numbers, algebra, geometry, statistics, and probability.

Rational Numbers

Numbers that include integers, fractions, decimals, and repeating decimals.

Opposites

Numbers that are the exact same distance from $0$ on a number line.

Absolute Value

The distance a number is from $0$ on a number line (always non-negative).

PEMDAS

An acronym for the order of operations: Parentheses, Exponents, Multiply, Divide, Add, and Subtract.

Fractions

Mathematical values that show parts of a whole.

Percents

Ratios or numbers that mean "out of $100$."

Ratio

A comparison of two quantities, often written as $a:b$.

Rate

A ratio comparing two quantities with different units (e.g., miles per hour).

Proportional

A relationship where two quantities change by the same factor.

Expression

A mathematical phrase consisting of numbers and operations without an equals sign.

Equation

A mathematical statement indicating that two expressions are equal, containing an equals sign ($=$).

Inequality

A mathematical statement that shows a comparison using symbols such as $<, >, \le,$ or $\ge$.

Complementary Angles

Two angles whose sum measures $90^\circ$.

Supplementary Angles

Two angles whose sum measures $180^\circ$.

Vertical Angles

Opposite angles formed by intersecting lines that are equal in measure.

Parallel Lines

Lines in the same plane that travel in the same direction and never intersect.

Perpendicular Lines

Lines that intersect to form a $90^\circ$ right angle.

Probability

The chance of an event occurring, expressed as a number from $0$ to $1$ (or $0\%$ to $100\%$).

Theoretical Probability

Probability based on analysis of what should happen mathematically.

Experimental Probability

Probability based on actual results obtained from repeated trials.

Mean

The average of a data set, calculated by adding all data points and dividing by the total number of points.

Median

The middle value (or average of two middle values) in an ordered set of numbers.

Mode

The most frequent value occurring in a data set.

Range

The difference between the highest value and the lowest value in a data set.