Chemistry and Solutions Vocabulary

Flashcards covering basic chemical bonding, water interaction properties, pH scale definitions, and solution terminology based on the lecture notes.

Ionic bond

A bond involving the transfer of electrons (give/take).

Covalent bond

A chemical bond formed when electrons are shared.

Polar bond

A covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally.

Nonpolar bond

A covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally.

Hydrophilic

Having an affinity for water; loves water.

Hydrophobic

Lacking affinity for water; hates water.

Acid

A substance with a pH $< 7$ (less than $7$); a lower pH indicates a more acidic solution.

Neutral

A solution with a pH $= 7$ (at $7$).

Base

A substance with a pH $> 7$ (more than $7$); a higher pH indicates a more basic solution.

Solute

The substance that is dissolved in a solution.

Solvent

The substance that dissolves the solute in a solution.