college US history test unit 2

the rivalry between France and England and their conflicting land claims on the Ohio Riner valley led to what conflict

French and Indian war

the treaty of Paris of 1763 that ended the French and Indian war also ended which country power in north america

france

the American colonists believed that it was wrong for Britain to ———— them when they had no ————— from the colonists in paraliment

tax, representatives

about 20-30% of colonists sided with England in the American revolution these American where called what

loyalists

these colonial delegates in Philadelphia created the Declaration of Independence put into action an interim government and created the colonial army with Washington as general

2nd continental congress

this was a first meeting of representatives from 12 0f the 13 colonies it met in response to the coercive (intolerable) acts and united the colonies in promotion their rights

1st continental congress

why were the first shots of Lexington and concord later called the shot heard around the world

our revolution for independence sparked similar revolts around the world

what document detailed the natural rights of man and the reasons why American colonies were breaking away from England

declaration of independence

this term means refusal to buy certain goods, it was used very effectively by American colonists in protesting British goods

boycott

who was the Virginia lawyer whose speeches in the house of burgesses called for independance from great Britain

Patrick Henry

this 2nd continental congress last ditch effort to make peace with Britain, it appealed to king George himself who received the document at the same time he heard the news of bunker hill

olive branch petition

this 19 year old young noble man came from France to volunteer in the continental army. he was one of the several foreign officers by the ideals of the American revolution

the marquis de lafayette

what were 3 of the 4 major reasons that the American won the revolutionary war

French assistance, military leadership, cause for independence, and they knew the land

why were so many Americans neutral in regards to the revolutionary war

many were religious pacifists who didn’t believe in war

what foreign officer trained the continental army at valley forge and helped create a much more unified and confident army

baron von steuben

this event was made when 9 of the 13 colonies meet in New York in 1765 to protest the stamp act saying that parliament couldn’t tax without colonists consent

stamp act congress

these taxes on paper, lead, paint, glass and tea were so strongly resisted through colonial boycotts that they were repealed except for the tax on tea

townshed acts

the ——————- was a religious movement during the mid 1700s that encouraged ideas of equality and the right to challenge authority

great awakening

we hold these —————- to be self —————- that —————— that men are created ————-

truths, evident, all, equal

britians policy of —————— ———— toward its colonists helped the American colonial government to have an autonomous (independant) nature

salutary neglect

the ———- of 1763 banned settlers from moving west of the Appalachian mountains in order to prevent conflict with the native Americans

proclamation

the ————- act required the colonists to house and feed British soldiers stationed in america

quartering

organization by Samual Adams consisting of letter writing between patriot leaders in New England. Virginia leaders helped spread this communications network throughout all of the colonies helping unite them all against the British

committees of correspondence

this organizer and political agitator formed the committees of correspondence and led Bostons sons of liberty

Samual Adamsthis famously known

this famously known as one of the most difficult winters for the continental army as they lost ¼ of their men but because go the training by baron von Steuben they emerged more united

valley forge

general washington’s surprise attack on the hessians at this battle on the day after Christmas boosted morale of the weary continental forces

Trenton

act passed in 1776n just after the repeal of the stamp act stated that parliament could legislate for the colonies in all cases whatsoever

declaratory act

because general Cornwallis surrendered him entire army to Washington and the French this because the las major battle of the revolutionary war in 1781

Yorktown

what was the major impact of the treaty of Paris od 1783

Britain recognized the independence of the united state OR the us was granted land up to the Mississippi River

who started as a private and eventually because a general of the continental army in the south, who effectively used his straggly of dividing his forces and eluding the British to help Americans win the war

Nathanael Greene 3300

3300 contienental soldiers were captured in the capital city of south Carolina, making it the worst defeat for the patriots in the revolution

Charlestown

this

the colonists melded their representative government after ———— britians legislative body

parliament

this first plan for uniting the colonies was proposed after he observed the league of Iroquois NOTE none of the colonies agreed to it

Albany plan of union

who was a popular American enlightenment figure who society in numerous ways as an inventor, printer, and statesman

menjamin franklin

th—————— which means exporting more than you import in order to create a favorable balance of trade, was the economic system used by Britain and her colonies

mercantilism

that they are————— by their creator with certain—————-rights that amount these are life —————- and the ————- of happiness

endowed, inalienable, liberty, pursuit

royal governor of Virginia who promised freedom to any enslaved African American in Virginia for joining the British army

lord dunmore

a wealthy Boston merchant and smuggler he was a member of the sons of liberty and eventually president of there contientatsal congress

John Hancock

battle for the control of New York British troops overwhelmed the colonial militias and retained control of the city for most of the war

battle of Long Island

privately owned armed ships authorized by congress to prey on enemy shipping during the revolutionary war. they were more numerous then the tiny American navy and inflicted heavy damage on British shippers.

Privateers

he was a lawyer who defended the soldiers of the both massacre and was a central figure in both continental congresses, he chose Washington to lead the army and Jefferson to write the declaration

John Adams

this act in witch parliament prohibited colonial legislatures from printing paper money angered the colonists because they bought more from Britain than they sold creating a currency shortage in the colonies

currency act

English monarch at the time of the revolution. he was the main opposition for the colonies due to his stubborn attitude and unwillingness to hear out colonial request and grievances

George III

who was an internationally recognized American poet she was a slave from Boston who sometimes wrote about the patriot cause

phillis Wheatley

british courts originally established to try cases involving smuggling or violations of the navigation acts. trials here were heard by judges without a jury

admiralty court

a document produced by the 2nd continental congress in 1775 that called for a complete boycott of British goods. it was the closest approach to a written constitution to form the colonies those who violated this were tarred and feathered

the association

that they are endowed by their———— with certain inalienable—————. that among these are ————— liberty, and the pursuit of ——————-

creator, rights, life, happiness

who was the silversmith and leader of sons of liberty in Boston? his engraving of the Boston massacre was used as propaganda against the British

Paul revere

treaty signed by the US and the pro British Iroquois granting Ohio country to the Americans

treaty of fort stanwix

this act lowered the previous molasses act tax on sugar and molasses but required the British officials to now actually enforce there tax and put an end to colonial bribery and smuggling

sugar act

agreement not to import goods from great Britain. they were designed to put pressure on the British economy and force the repeal of unpopular parliamentary acts

nonimportation agreements

a group of British political commenters who were very nervous about the arbitrary powers of the monarch. they warned the colonists to be always on the lookout for a violation of their rights

radical whigs

the patriot victory in this battle in upstate New York because a turning point of the revolutionary war what was the battle and why is it so significant

the battle of Saratoga, the French will ally with the patriots

women who protested British treatment of the colonies boycotts and not purchasing many British goods such as tea. they even began making their own clothes

daughters of liberty

we ———— these truths to be ————- evident. that all ———are ————- equal

hold, self, men, created

what English philosopher argued that all men had natural liberty and property. hint his ideas became the foundation for the declaration of independance

John locke

as a protest against the tea act some colonists dress as Indians and dumped 342 chests of tea into the Boston harbor

Boston tea party

what expensive world war that started in America doubled britians debt and led to direct British taxes on the American colonies

the seven years war( French and Indian war)

in response to there Boston tea party parliament passed —————- acts these harsh laws against Boston led to the first continental congress

coercive, intolerable

what battle was a turning point of the revolution and why?

saratoga, the colonial victory gave foreign nations confidence to join the colonies drive for indipendance

only about 40 percent of Americans wanted to break away from England. they were called rebels, whigs, and mainly what other terms

Patriots

in what event did the British soldiers fire into a crowd of colonists killing 5? this event was used by the sons of liberty as propaganda against Britain

Boston massacre

this first major battle of the American revolution in Boston was a moral victory for the patriots despite the obvious loss of military

bunker hill

what was the name of the patriot army that fought against the British in the revolutionary war

continental army

what southern planter was nominated by John Adams to be commander in chief of the continental army

serge Washington

he was a continental officer and hero at Saratoga who became a traitor when he turned over West Point to the British

Benedict arnold

who was an early advocate of women’s rights when when she reminded her husband in a letter to “ remember the ladies” when forming a new government in philextended adelphia

Abigail Adams

extended to there boundaries of Quebec to the Ohio river and granted rights to catholics colonists feared this meant that a pope would soon oversee the colonies

quebec act

the —— act was a law passed by parliament that directly taxed all sorts of documents including will, newspapers, contracts, and even dice

stamp act

these were secret societies initially formed in protest to the stamp acts, but eventually they protested against all unfair British policies. they threatened tax collectors and organized mob violance

sons of liberty

what pamphlet by Thomas Paine convinced many colonists that a complete break from England was necessary

common sense

many Americans such as Francis Marion aka the swamp fox used these unconventional military tactic to nuetralize the highly trained British regulars

guerrilla warfare

colonists and citizens of British were divided for the colonial drive for independence in what three ways

loyalists, patriots, neutrals

German mercenaries hired by the British to fight the patriots were called what

hessians