Essential English Vocabulary: Nouns, Adjectives, Phrasal Verbs, Adverbs, and Verbs

A comprehensive vocabulary review deck covering high-frequency English nouns, adjectives, phrasal verbs, adverbs, and verbs from all five study sources, complete with contextual definitions and original note translations.

Advantage

A condition, feature, or circumstance that puts someone in a favorable position; benefit (Russian: преимущество).

Approach

A way of dealing with something or a particular method of doing something (Russian: подход).

Challenge

A demanding task or situation that tests someone's ability; a difficulty (Russian: вызов, сложность).

Consequence

A result, effect, or outcome of an action or condition (Russian: последствие).

Development

The process of developing, growing, or progressing (Russian: развитие).

Environment

The surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives (Russian: окружающая среда).

Evidence

The available facts, signs, or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid; proof (Russian: доказательство).

Impact

A marked effect or strong influence on someone or something (Russian: влияние).

Improvement

The process or result of making something better, or of becoming better (Russian: улучшение).

Opportunity

A set of circumstances that makes it possible to do something; a chance (Russian: возможность).

Research

The systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources to establish facts and reach conclusions (Russian: исследование).

Responsibility

The state, duty, or obligation of having to deal with something or having control over someone (Russian: ответственность).

Solution

A means of solving a problem, question, or difficult situation (Russian: решение).

Variety

The quality or state of being different or diverse; an assortment (Russian: разнообразие).

Available

Able to be used, obtained, or reached; accessible (Russian: доступный).

Beneficial

Resulting in good; favorable, helpful, or advantageous (Russian: полезный).

Convenient

Fitting in well with a person's needs, activities, and plans; easy to use (Russian: удобный).

Crucial

Decisive or critical, especially in the success or failure of something; extremely important (Russian: крайне важный).

Effective

Successful in producing a desired or intended result (Russian: эффективный).

Essential

Absolutely necessary; extremely important or fundamental (Russian: необходимый).

Familiar

Well known from long or close association; easily recognized (Russian: знакомый).

Harmful

Causing or likely to cause harm, damage, or injury (Russian: вредный).

Independent

Free from outside control; not depending on another's authority or support (Russian: независимый).

Obvious

Easily perceived, seen, recognized, or understood; clear (Russian: очевидный).

Significant

Sufficiently great or important to be worthy of attention; noteworthy (Russian: значительный).

Traditional

Existing in or as part of a tradition; long-established or customary (Russian: традиционный).

Valuable

Worth a great deal of money, or having high worth, importance, or usefulness (Russian: ценный).

Widespread

Found, distributed, or happening over a large area or among many people (Russian: широко распространённый).

Bring up

To raise a topic for discussion, or to look after and educate a child (Russian: поднимать тему, воспитывать).

Carry out

To perform, conduct, or complete a task, experiment, or instruction (Russian: выполнять).

Come across

To meet or find someone or something by chance (Russian: случайно встретить, обнаружить).

Come up with

To produce, create, or suggest an idea, plan, or solution (Russian: придумать).

Deal with

To take action in order to solve a problem or handle a situation (Russian: иметь дело с).

Find out

To discover, learn, or ascertain a fact or piece of information (Russian: выяснить).

Get rid of

To dispose of, eliminate, or free oneself from something unwanted (Russian: избавиться от).

Look forward to

To await something eagerly or with anticipation and pleasure (Russian: с нетерпением ждать).

Look into

To investigate, examine, or explore a problem or matter (Russian: расследовать, изучать).

Point out

To direct attention to someone or something, or to state a fact (Russian: указывать).

Put off

To postpone, delay, or reschedule something to a later time (Russian: откладывать).

Put up with

To tolerate, endure, or accept an unpleasant situation or person without complaining (Russian: терпеть).

Run out of

To exhaust the supply of something or use up all available resources (Russian: закончиться, израсходовать).

Set up

To establish, arrange, or organize an institution, business, or system (Russian: организовать, установить).

Actually

As the truth or facts of a situation; in reality or in fact (Russian: на самом деле).

Apparently

As far as one knows or can see; seemingly (Russian: по-видимому).

Certainly

Undoubtedly; definitely; without doubt (Russian: определённо).

Clearly

In an obvious or easily perceptible manner; without doubt (Russian: ясно, очевидно).

Completely

Totally; entirely; in every way or to the full extent (Russian: полностью).

Eventually

In the end, especially after a long delay, dispute, or series of problems (Russian: в конце концов).

Frequently

Regularly or on many occasions; often (Russian: часто).

Immediately

At once; instantly; without any delay (Russian: немедленно).

Increasingly

More and more over time; progressively (Russian: всё больше).

Obviously

In a way that is easily perceived or understood; clearly (Russian: очевидно).

Particularly

To a higher degree than is usual or average; especially (Russian: особенно).

Relatively

In relation, comparison, or proportion to something else (Russian: относительно).

Suddenly

Quickly and unexpectedly, without prior warning (Russian: внезапно).

Widely

Over a wide area, extent, or range; by many people (Russian: широко).

Achieve

To successfully bring about, reach, or accomplish a desired objective through effort (Russian: достигать).

Affect

To have an influence on or make a difference to someone or something (Russian: влиять).

Avoid

To keep away from or stop oneself from doing or encountering something (Russian: избегать).

Consider

To think carefully about something, or to regard someone or something as (Russian: рассматривать, считать).

Contribute

To give or supply something along with others; to help cause an outcome (Russian: способствовать, вносить вклад).

Determine

To establish, ascertain, or decide definitively (Russian: определять).

Encourage

To give support, confidence, or hope to someone; to stimulate (Russian: поощрять).

Establish

To set up, initiate, or found on a firm or permanent basis (Russian: основывать, устанавливать).

Improve

To make or become better in quality, value, or condition (Russian: улучшать).

Maintain

To cause or enable a condition or state of affairs to continue; preserve (Russian: поддерживать).

Prevent

To keep something undesirable from happening or arising (Russian: предотвращать).

Provide

To make available for use; supply or furnish (Russian: обеспечивать, предоставлять).

Reduce

To make smaller or less in amount, degree, or size (Russian: сокращать).

Require

To need for a particular purpose; depend on for success or fulfillment (Russian: требовать).