Siemens PEP: Basic Overview

a solute dispersed in a solution that is identified and measured in laboratory practice:

analyte

a reagent substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or added to test if a reaction occurs:

reagent

the final material or substance left at the completion of a series of reactions, either chemical or physical:

end product

tests that are often run as a panel for screening purposes that check overall metabolism of several organs including the pancreas, liver, bones, and kidneys:

general metabolic tests

group of molecules that includes fats and oils:

lipids

stores energy, forms parts of cell structures such as cell membranes, and are used to produce certain hormones and bile acids:

lipids

lipids are particularly associated with ____ health.

cardiovascular

total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides are examples of commonly tested ____.

lipids

proteins that shorten the time of a chemical reaction while not changing themselves:

enzymes

____ are commonly tested when injury or disease to specific organs are suspected.

enzymes

these enzymes are associated with which organ: AST, CK, LDH?

heart

these enzymes are associated with which organ: ALT and AST?

liver

these enzymes are associated with which organ: amylase and lipase?

pancreas

these enzymes are associated with which organ: acid phosphatase?

prostate

plays a vital role in maintaining body fluid, pH and water balance, and controlling nerve conduction and muscle contractions:

electrolytes

____ values are often abnormal in cases of dehydration, vomiting, dehydration, diarrhea, kidney failure, respiratory problems, and heart failure.

electrolytes

sodium, potassium, chloride, and carbon dioxide are examples of commonly tested ____.

electrolytes

blood proteins that increase or decrease in response to disease conditions:

specific proteins

this specific protein is associated with what disease condition: alpha-1 antitrypsin?

infection/inflammatory disease

this specific protein is associated with what disease condition: C3 and C4?

infection/inflammatory disease

this specific protein is associated with what disease condition: CRP?

infection/inflammatory disease

this specific protein is associated with what disease condition: apolipoprotein A1?

heart attack risk

this specific protein is associated with what disease condition: apolipoprotein B?

heart attack risk

this specific protein is associated with what disease condition: HsCRP?

heart attack risk

this specific protein is associated with what disease condition: haptoglobin?

anemia

this specific protein is associated with what disease condition: transferrin?

anemia

disease in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin:

diabetes

hormone that is needed to convert sugar, starches, and other food into energy needed for daily life:

insulin

organ that functions to store excess carbohydrate, filter toxins/waste products, and make bile to aid in digestion:

liver

can be caused by viral infections, toxins, drugs and alcohol, or hereditary conditions:

liver disease

progressive buildup of plaque in the walls of the arteries:

atherosclerosis

____ are commonly tested in relation to the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis.

lipids