Musculoskeletal combined

cervical vertebra

The vertebrae of the neck: C1-C7. C1 is atlas

thoracic vertebra

The vertebrae of the chest: T1-T12. Serve as an articulation point for ribs

lumbar vertebra

The vertebrae of the lower back. L1-L5. Carry most of the weight of the torso.

phalanges

Finger and toe bones. Proximal middle, and distal phalanx. Thumb and great toe only have proximal/distal

carpals

Carp/o- The bones of the wrist! SLTPTTCH- 8 carpal bones total

metacarpals

Metacarp/o- Long bones between carpals and phalanges (the bones in the palm).

metatarsals

Metatars/o- Long bones between tarsal bones and phalanges (the bones in the foot)

clavicle

Clavicul/o- The clavical

femur

Femor/o- The femur. Long bone of the thigh

fibula

Fibul/o- The smaller bone of the lower leg

tibia

Tibi/o- The larger bone of the lower leg

humerus

Humer/o- The long bone of the upper arm

patella

Patell/o- The sesamoid bone at the front of the knee

radius

Radi/o (which can also refer to xrays depends on context it’s used in)- The smaller of two forearm bones.

Located on thumb side of forearm (lateral)

ulna

uln/o- Larger of the two bones of the forearm. Pinky side of forearm (medial)

scapula

Scapul/o- shoulder blade

Vertebrae

Spondyl/o OR Vertebr/o- The bones of the vertebral column. Spondylitis OR Intervertebral

Sternum

Stern/o- Breastbone. Sternoclavicular

Digits

Dactyl/o- Fingers and toes! Polydactyly

Calcaneus

Calcane/o- the heel bone! Calcaneodynia

Ilium

Ili/o- The top/flaring sides of the hip bone! Iliopelvic

Ischium

Ischi/o- The lower part of the hip bone! Ischiodynia

Pubis

Pub/o- The anterior part of the hip bone! Pubococcygeal

Pelvis

Pelv/o OR Pelv/i- The hip bone! Pelvimetry OR Pelvic

bursa

Burs/o- A synovial fluid-filled sac that provides cushioning to structures around it. Bursitis

synovial joint

Synov/o- synovial membrane or synovial fluid. A synovial joint joins bones or cartilage with a fibrous joint capsule- Synovectomy

fibrous joint

A non-articulating joint space- cranial sutures! Craniosynostosis (Osis- condition together ost- bone

cartilaginous joint

A joint that is entirely joined by cartilage- pubic symphysis is an example!

crepitation

A crackling or rattling sound

kyphosis

Kyph/o- humpback. Osis- abnormal condition/increase.

lordosis

Lord/o- curve/swayback. Osis- abnormal condition/increase.

scoliosis

Scoli/o- crooked/bent. Osis- abnormal condition/increase

Origins

attachment site that stays immobile

Insertion

attachment site that moves

Agonist

produces the primary movement

Antagonist

help control the movement

Synergist

assist the agonist in the desired movement

Stabilizer

provides a stable base for efficiency and control

chondr/o

Cartilage- Chondritis

fasci/o

Fascia- a fibrous membrane that supports and separates muscle.

leiomy/o

Smooth muscle

muscul/o OR my/o

Muscle- Muscular

myocardi/o

Heart muscle

rhabdomy/o

Rod-shaped (striated) muscle. Rhabdomyoma

tend/o

Tendon- Tendoplasty

ten/o

Tendon

tendin/o

Tendon- Tendinitis

-asthenia

Weakness

-clasia

To break; a surgical fracture

-clast

To break; a surgical fracture

-desis

Surgical fixation

-kinesia

Movement

-malacia

Softening

-porosis

Porus- Osteoporosis

-sarcoma

Malignant tumor of connective tissue

-trophy

Nutrition/nourishment/growth

a-

without, not

ab-

away from

ad-

toward

circum-

around

dys-

bad, difficult, painful, abnormal

syn-

together, joined

Abduction

movement away from the body's midline

Adduction

movement toward the body's midline

Flexion

bending a joint; decreases the angle

Extension

straightening a joint; increases the angle

Eversion

turning the sole of the foot outward

Inversion

turning the sole of the foot inward

Rotation

turning a bone or body part around its axis

AE

above elbow

AK

above knee

BE

below elbow

BK

below knee

CI, C2

first cervical vertebrae, second cervical vertebrae, etc.

T1, T2

first thoracic vertebrae, second thoracic vertebrae

L1, L2

first lumbar vertebrae, second lumber vertebrae

FX, Fx

fracture

NSAID

nonsteroidal anti

OA

osteoarthritis

orth, ortho

orthopedics

RA

rheumatoid arthritis