chemical equlibria and Le chatelier's principle

what are irreversible reactions

reactions where the reactants convert to products and where products cannot be converted back to the reactants

what is a reversible reaction

a reaction in which the reactants are converted into products but the products are then converted back into the reactants

what is a dynamic equilibrium

a system where the concentrations of the reactants and products remain constant and where the forward and the reverse reactions are proceeding at equal rates

what is a homogeneous reaction

where all of the reactants and the products are in the same physical state

what is the position of equilibrium

a notional measure of how far the reaction is to the left hand side or the right hand side

what are the factors that can change the position of the equilibrium

temperature, pressure and concentration

what will this result in

more reactants or more products formed

what does Le Chatelier’s principle state

if a factor is changed which effects a system in equilibrium the position of equilibrium will move in a direction so as to oppose the change

what will an increase in pressure do to the position of equilibrium

it will shift it to the side with the fewer moles of gas

what will a decrease in pressure do the position of equilibrium

it will shift it to the side which has the highest moles of gas

if the forward reaction is exothermic and the temperature is increased how will this effect the position of equilibrium

the position of equilibrium shift to in the direction of the exothermic direction so will shift to the left

if the forward reaction is exothermic and the temperature is decreased how will this effect the position of equilibrium

the position of equilibrium will shift to the exothermic direction so the position of equilibrium will shift to the right

if the forward reaction is endothermic and the temperature is increased how will this effect the position of equilibrium

shift to the endothermic direction so will shift right

if the forward reaction is endothermic and the temperature is decreased how does this effect the position of equilibrium

shift in the exothermic direction so will shift to the left

will a catalyst have any effect on the position of equilibrium

no

what does a catalyst do to a reversible reaction

it will increase the rate of the forward reaction and reverse reactions equally

what does this mean is obtained more quickly

equilibrium