urinary unit

urinary functions

excretion, elimination, and regulation

gout

a painful, acute, arthritic condition caused when crystals or uric acid accumulate in joints

kidney

organ that forms urine

ureters

paired, tubular organs that use peristalsis to carry urine from kidney to bladder

urinary bladder

hollow muscular organ providing temporary storage for urine

urethra

tubular organ that transports urine from the bladder to the opening

renal artery

brings oxygenated blood into the kidney

renal vein

brings deoxygenated blood out of the kidney

fibrous capsule, adipose capsule, and gerota’s fascia

what holds the kidney in situ

fibrous capsule

thin, tough layer of tightly packed collagen fibers, outer covering of the kidney

adipose capsule

fat layer for cushion and support

gerota’s fascia

suspensory collagen fibers that provide an anchor to surrounding tissues

renal sinus

internal cavity, surrounding pelvis, filled with adipose

renal pyramid

conical tissue mass that makes up medulla

renal column

bands or cortical tissue that extend toward the sinus supporting adjacent pyramids and blood vessels

major and minor calyces

cup-shaped drain tubes for urine that merge to form the renal pelvis and ureter

filtration

filtering of substances from glomerular blood to filtrate

reabsorption

movement of substances from filtrate tor tubular fluid to the blood

secretion

movement of substances from blood to tubular fluid

renal corpuscle function

filtration

renal tubule function

secretion and reabsorption

glomerulus

ball of capillaries, like a normal capillary but for creating filtrate

renal corpuscle histology

simple squamous endothelium

afferent arteriole

leads into the glomerulus

efferent arteriole

leads out of the glomerulus

visceral layer

made up of podocytes and is directly attached to the glomerulus

parietal layer

simple squamous epithelium and forms the outer capsule wall

GFB parts

capillary endothelium of glomerulus, basement membrane, podocytes of visceral glomerular capsule

GFB function

allows water and small solutes to pass through while restricting blood and larger solutes

filtrate

protein free solution that contains smaller solutes and is not yet urine