Medical Terminology 6th Ed, Davi-Ellen Chabner Chapter 4: Exercises

anti-

against

ana-

up, apart

ad-

toward, near

bi-

two, both

brady-

slow

ab-

away from

a-, an-

no, not, without

ante-

before, forward

con-

with, together

dia-

through, complete

A patient with hearing loss in both ears has a/an _______ condition.

bilateral

When airways collapse or are blocked during sleep, a condition called sleep ___________ may occur.

apnea

A protein produced by white blood cells in response to a foreign substance, such as a bacterium or virus, is a/an ____.

antibody

Decrease in hemoglobin in the blood to below normal range produces a condition known as ______.

anemia

A condition of frequent, loose, watery stools that seem to "flow through" the body is called ____________.

diarrhea

The separation of substances into their component parts is known as ___________.

analysis

A foreign substance, such as a bacterium or virus, is a/an ________.

antigen

A medication produced from molds or synthesized in a laboratory to destroy microorganisms is a/an ____________.

antibiotic

A condition in which the heart rate is less than 60 beats per minute is _____________.

bradycardia

Having an arm in a cast and not using it can cause _________.

atrophy

Without speech

aphasia

Lack of menstrual flow

amenorrhea

Before birth

antepartum, or prenatal

Glands located near the kidneys

adrenal

An irregularity appearing with birth: __________________anomaly

congenital

Separation of waste materials from the blood when the kidneys fail

dialysis

Pain associated with menstrual flow is _______________.

dysmenorrhea

Cutting into a part of the body is a/an ___________.

incision

Any abnormal development in tissues or organs is ______.

dysplasia

Cutting out of a part of the body is a/an ______.

excision

Painful burning sensation upon urination is __________.

dysuria

Painful breathing that may be caused by anxiety, strenuous exercise, or certain heart conditions is ________.

dyspnea

The outer layer of skin is the ___________.

epidermis

Pertaining to outside the liver is ______________.

extrahepatic

Difficulty in swallowing is called ___________.

dysphagia

Visual examination (via an endoscope) of what is within an organ is __________.

endoscopy

ec-

out, outside

epi-

above, upon

hemi-

half

hyper-

excessive, too much, above

hypo-

deficient, too little, below

dys-

bad, painful, difficult

endo-

within, in, inner

ex-

out

extra-

outside of

in-

in, into

High blood pressure is ______________tension.

hyper

A mass of blood above the membrane surrounding the brain is a/an __________ dural hemat_______.

epi, oma

A pregnancy that is out of place and usually located in a fallopian tube is a/an ____________topic pregnancy.

ec

A condition of excessive (too much) blood sugar is ________emia.

hyperglyc

A condition of deficient (too little) blood sugar is __________emia.

hypoglyc

Glands that secrete hormones within the body are ________crine glands.

endo

Increase in development (individual cells increase in size) often caused by overuse of a muscle or organ is hyper________.

trophy

Paralysis of half of the body related to a stroke is _________plegia.

hemi

Excessive secretion of hormone from a gland in front of the trachea in the neck is hyper____________.

thyroidism

intra-

within

mal-

bad

para-

beside, near, along the side of

peri-

surrounding

poly-

many, much

inter-

between

meta-

change, beyond

neo-

new

post-

after, behind

pre-

before

intervertebral

Pertaining to between the vertebrae

metastasis

Change of place or beyond control (spread of a cancerous tumor to a secondary location)

metacarpals

Beyond wrist bones (carpals); hand ones

intravenous

Pertaining to within a vein

postmortem

After death

periosteum

membrane surrounding a bone

precancerous

Pertaining to a condition that come before a malignancy--for example, dysplastic nevi (moles) that precede malignant melanoma.

neonatal

Pertaining to new birth (a neonate is a newborn)

paraplegia

Condition of paralysis of the lower half of the body.

malignant

Cancerous; not benign

An injury to the OUTSIDE of the skull is a/an ______lesion.

extracranial

Four small glands in the neck region NEAR (posterior to) another endocrine gland are the _________.

parathyroid glands

Common symptoms of diabetes are MUCH urination, or ________, and MUCH thirst, or __________________.

polyuria, polydipsia

People suffering from asthma often have DIFFICULT breathing, which is called ______________.

dyspnea

Bleeding can occur from cracks or sores SURROUNDING the opening to the rectum. These are _________fissures.

perianal

Two glands each located NEAR (above) a kidney are ____.

adrenal glands

A NEW growth, which may be malignant or benign, is a/an _____.

neoplasm

Disease of MANY nerves is known as a/an ___________.

polyneuropathy

Any problem that affects the fetus WITHIN the womb is a/an _____________condition.

intrauterine

Women may experience moodiness and sad feelings AFTER birth, a condition know as ______ depression.

postpartum

pro-

before, forward

quadri-

four

sub-

under, less than

tachy-

fast

trans-

across, through

uni-

one

re-

back, behind

pros-

before, forward

retro-

back, behind

syn-

with, together

ultra-

beyond

tri-

three

Dys- and mal-

bad

Hypo- and sub-

under

Epi- and hyper-

above