1.1 - 1.5 Gov study guide

British empire was large and costy.

“no taxation without representation”

Checks & Balances

Limit powers of each branch so no one becomes too powerful. (Baron De Montesquieu)

Republicanism

Centered on citizenship and organized as a republic.

Pluralist Democracy

Political power is spread out to competing interest groups, no single group.

Elite Democracy

Representatives that are selected make choices, people’s trust.

Articles of Confederation (power of Congress)

Maintain army by asking for troops, declare war, and acquire territory.

Article of Confederation (strengths)

1. Inspired Full Faith and Credit Clause

2. Helped win AR

Articles of Confederation (weakness)

1. No power for Congress tax or cant trade with states

2. National government can’t maintain or raise army

3. Can’t situate debt

Shay’s Rebellion

Protesting high taxes, severe debt, threat losing land. (weakness of AoC and triggered the Constitutional Convention.

Constitutional Convention (agree)

1. 3 branches

2. Powerful national government

3. limited and representation government

Individual rights - PROHIBIT

1. Writ of hebeas corupus: Bring detained person before prove imprisonment is lawful

2. Bills of attainder: Legislature declares guilty without trial

3. Ex post facto laws: punish people for act that weren’t crimes ta the time they did it.

Constitutional Convention (disagree) #1 Representation

1. Virginia: based on population

2. New Jersey: equal representation

3. Great Comp: H of R= population, Senate= equal representation

(disagree) #2 Slavery

Extradition Clause: mandated that slaves must return to their owners (property and people)

(disagree) #3 The Executive

Electoral college: # of electors= # of reps in Congress

No bill of rights

people are against it

Amending the Constitution, Propose and Raitfy

1. 2/3 vote in House and Senate (propose amendment)

2. ¾ of state legislature (approve, ratify)