controlled treatments test #1

factors that contribute to facial volume loss

aging, rapid weight loss, skeletal and muscular changes

describe fat pads and aging

fat pads are important for structural support, get thinner and descend as you age

what do fat pads present as when thinner and descend

hollows from beneath the eyes, drooping skin, deeper wrinkles

describe bone loss and aging

typically starts in early 30s once peak bone mass is reached or with menopause

how does bone loss present

eye sockets begin to sink, jaw begins to recede, texture of bone appears rougher

what is primary aging

natural, biological changes that occur overtime

describe primary aging

natural changes in bone, muscle, fat, collagen/elastin, that decrease support and facial volume

what is secondary aging

changes influenced by environment and lifestyle factors

describe secondary aging

sun and lifestyle accelerated tissue and skin damage

describe collagen

provides structure and support, helps maintain firmness, most abundant protein in the body

describe elastin

helps skin stretch and return to original shape, when damaged there’s a loss of firmness and skin elasticity

UVA

penetrates deep into the dermis, affects collagen and elastin fibers

UVB

primarily damages the epidermis and causes sunburn

free radicals

unstable molecules with unpaired electrons that contribute to wrinkles, pigmentation, and dull skin

what are free radicals formed by

UV light, pollution pesticides, smoking, poor diet, normal metabolism

why do free radicals accelerate aging

due to damaged DNA, protein, and cell membranes

antioxidants

substances that help protect cells from damage

how do antioxidants work

neutralize free radicals by donating electrons, protect collagen and elastin from breakdown, and reduce inflammation and cell damage

where are antioxidants found in

colourful fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, and whole grains

what is microneedling also known as

collagen induction therapy

how does microneedling work

fine needles create controlled micro injuries that induce the body’s healing process to stimulate collagen and elastin production

what can microneedling treat

fine lines, wrinkles, mild-moderate acne scarring, uneven skin tone, skin texture, PIH, sun damage, stretch marks, scars, enlarged pores, loss of elasticity

microneedling devices

skinpen and dermarollers

describe the skinpen device

medical grade needles, delivers consistent controlled results, penetrates needles vertically in and out of the skin, adjustable depth

describe dermarollers

less precise, hard to sanitize, uneven penetration, no depth control, greater risk for damage

what’s something to remember about client’s skin when microneedling

settings are dependent on concerns, treatment goals, area and skin thickness

needle depth for eye area/orbital rim

0.25mm - 0.5mm

needle depth for forehead and temples

0.25mm - 1.0mm

microneedling needle depth for nose, chin, and upper lip

0.25mm - 0.5mm

needle depth for cheeks and jawline

0.5mm - 2.0mm

needle depth for neck and chest

up to 2.5mm

needle depth for product absorption, texture, glow

0.25mm

needle depth for fine lines and mild texture

0.5mm - 0.75mm

needle depth for wrinkles and moderate scarring

1.0mm - 1.5mm

needle depth for deep acne scars, deep wrinkles, and body scars

1.5mm - 2.5mm

list contraindications for microneedling

active acne, cold sores, accutane use, bleeding disorders, conditions that impair wound healing, history of keloid scarring

pre and post care for microneedling

avoid active ingredients, harsh exfoliants, avoid sun exposure, moisturize, avoid heat and sweat, don’t pick skin

describe the treatment process for microneedling

cleanse and inspect skin, numbing, device set up, remove numbing and sanitize with alcohol, apply hyaluronic acid to area before starting treatment

treatment schedule for microneedling

3-6 treatments, 4-6 weeks apart

what are PDO threads

polydioxanone threads, absorbable medical threads placed under the skin

what can PDO threads do

provide temporary lifting effect and may stimulate a wound healing response as material breaks down

what are smooth threads used for

biostimulation

what are barbed threads used for

mechanically grip and reposition tissue

what are neurotoxins

botulinum neurotoxins are prescribed medicines used to temporarily relax targeted muscles

what do nerves release to signal a muscle to contract

acetylcholine

how do botulinum toxins work

interferes with the release of acetylcholine, then targeted muscle activity temporarily decreases which soften appearance of dynamic wrinkles

dynamic wrinkles

appear or deepen with facial movement

static wrinkles

remain visible when the face is at rest

what’s something important to remember about neurotoxins

may soften dynamic wrinkles but don’t fill in static lines or replace facial volume loss

how long does it take for neurotoxin to kick in

fully kicks in by 2 weeks

how long do neurotoxins last

3-6 months

botulinum toxin products used in aesthetics

Botox, Dysport, Xeomin, Nuceiva

what are neurotoxins derived from

bacterium, clostridium, botulinum

what can happen if neurotoxins are ingested or introduced to a wound in large quantities

botulism

units and injection points for Glabella complex (frown lines)

20-30 units, 5 injection points

units and injection points for frontalis

10-20 units, many different variations

units and injection points for crow’s feet

9-16 units and 3 injection points

units and injection points for masseter

40-100 units and 2-3 injection points, very deep

units and injection points for lip flip

4 units and 4 injection points

units and injection points for gummy smile

2-4 units each side and 1 injection per side