Types of crime and offenders

buglary (a buglar)

the crime of illegally entering a building to steal things or commit another crime. (крадіжка зі зломом, незаконне проникнення з метою злочину)

1. The police are investigating a _______ that happened in our neighbourhood last night.

2. There has been an increase in _______ in this area, so many homeowners have installed security cameras.

robbery (a robber)

the crime of stealing money or property from a person or place by using force or threatening violence. (пограбування, розбій)

1. The bank was closed for several hours after an armed _______ took place there yesterday.

2. The police arrested two men who were involved in a _______ at a local jewellery store.

assault (an assailant)

the crime of physically attacking someone or threatening to hurt them. (напад, фізичне насильство)

1. The man was arrested for _______ after he punched another customer during an argument at a bar.

2. The victim reported the _______ to the police after a stranger attacked her on her way home.

murder (a murderer)

the crime of deliberately and illegally killing another person. (вбивство)

1. The police are investigating a _______ after a young man was found dead in his apartment.

2. The suspect was arrested and charged with _______ after the police discovered evidence that he had intentionally killed his business partner.

kidnapping (a kidnapper)

the crime of taking someone away illegally by force or threat and keeping them against their will. (викрадення людини)

1. The police are investigating a _______ after a young girl was taken from a playground by a stranger.

2. The criminals demanded a large amount of money from the wealthy businessman's family after the _______ of his son.

fraud (a fraudster)

the crime of deliberately deceiving someone to get money or something valuable from them. (шахрайство)

1. The businessman was arrested for _______ after he tricked hundreds of investors into giving him money for a fake project.

2. The bank warned its customers about online _______ after several people lost money to criminals pretending to be bank employees.

arson (an arsonist)

the crime of deliberately setting fire to a building, vehicle, or other property. (підпал)

1. The police suspect _______ because investigators found evidence that someone had deliberately started the fire in the abandoned warehouse.

2. The man was arrested for _______ after he intentionally set fire to his neighbour's car during an argument.

vandalism (a vandal)

the crime of deliberately damaging or destroying public or private property. (вандалізм, навмисне пошкодження майна)

1. The police are investigating an act of _______ after someone broke all the windows of a local school during the night.

2. The city has installed security cameras in the park to prevent _______ because people keep painting graffiti on benches and damaging public property.

shoplifting (a shoplifter)

the crime of stealing goods from a shop without paying for them. (крадіжка з магазину)

1. The teenager was caught _______ after he put a pair of expensive headphones into his backpack and tried to leave the store without paying.

2. The supermarket installed more security cameras to prevent _______ because several customers had been stealing products from the shelves.

cybercrime (a cybercriminal)

illegal activities carried out using computers or the Internet, such as hacking, stealing personal information, or online fraud. (кіберзлочинність)

1. The government has introduced new laws to fight _______ after hackers stole the personal information of thousands of citizens.

2. Many companies invest in advanced security systems to protect themselves from _______ because criminals can steal sensitive data and money online.

drug trafficking (a drug trafficker)

the illegal activity of producing, transporting, or selling drugs, especially in large quantities. (незаконний обіг наркотиків, наркоторгівля)

1. The police arrested five people for _______ after discovering that they had been secretly transporting illegal drugs across the border.

2. The government has introduced stricter laws to fight _______ because criminal gangs are making millions of dollars by selling illegal drugs.

terrorism (a terrorist)

the use of violence or threats, especially against civilians, to create fear and achieve political, religious, or ideological goals. (тероризм)

1. The government has introduced stricter security measures at airports to prevent _______ and protect passengers from possible attacks.

2. Several people were arrested on suspicion of _______ after the police discovered that they were planning a violent attack to spread fear among the population.

forgery (a forger)

the crime of making or changing documents, signatures, or money illegally in order to deceive people. (підробка документів, підписів або грошей)

1. The businessman was arrested for _______ after the police discovered that he had created fake passports and official documents.

2. The bank reported a case of _______ when an employee noticed that someone had copied a customer's signature to withdraw money from their account.

embezzlement (an embezzler)

the crime of secretly stealing money that you are responsible for managing, especially from your employer or an organization. (привласнення або розтрата довірених коштів)

1. The accountant was arrested for _______ after the company discovered that she had secretly transferred thousands of dollars from its bank account to her own.

2. The charity director was accused of _______ when investigators found out that he had been using donated money to pay for his personal holidays and expensive clothes.

hacking (a hacker)

the activity of gaining unauthorized access to computer systems, networks, or accounts, often to steal information or cause damage. (злам комп'ютерних систем, несанкціонований доступ до даних)

1. The company lost millions of dollars because of _______ after criminals broke into its computer system and stole sensitive customer information.

2. The bank has improved its cybersecurity measures to prevent _______ and protect customers' online accounts from unauthorized access.

harassment (a harasser)

repeated unwanted behaviour that makes someone feel frightened, uncomfortable, threatened, or upset. (домагання, переслідування, цькування)

1. The employee reported _______ to her manager after a colleague repeatedly sent her offensive messages and made inappropriate comments about her appearance.

2. The woman contacted the police because of _______ after her ex-boyfriend kept calling her, following her home, and sending threatening messages despite being told to stop.

smuggling (a smuggler)

the crime of secretly and illegally transporting goods or people into or out of a country, usually to avoid customs controls or laws. (контрабанда, незаконне перевезення товарів або людей через кордон)

1. The police arrested three men for _______ after discovering that they had hidden hundreds of expensive smartphones inside a truck to avoid paying customs taxes.

2. Airport security has become stricter to prevent _______ because some criminals try to secretly transport illegal weapons and valuable goods across international borders.

extortion (an extortionist)

the crime of getting money or something valuable from someone by using threats, violence, or intimidation. (вимагання, шантаж)

1. The businessman reported _______ to the police after a criminal gang threatened to harm his family unless he paid them a large amount of money.

2. The politician was arrested for _______ after investigators discovered that he had threatened to reveal people's private information unless they gave him money.

manslaughter (a manslaughterer)

the crime of killing another person without intending to do so, or in circumstances that make the killing less serious than murder. (ненавмисне вбивство, вбивство без заздалегідь сформованого умислу)

1. The driver was charged with _______ after he caused a fatal accident by driving dangerously and killing a pedestrian.

2. The man was found guilty of _______ after he pushed someone during a heated argument, causing the person to fall, hit their head, and die.

mugging (a mugger)

the crime of attacking or threatening someone in a public place in order to steal their money or belongings. (вуличне пограбування, напад з метою пограбування)

1. The woman reported a _______ to the police after two strangers attacked her in a dark alley and stole her handbag and phone.

2. The city installed more streetlights and security cameras to prevent _______ because several people had been robbed while walking home alone at night.