Methods (Unit 1)

Method

A study design that allows systematic study of the social world.

Reliability

The quality of conclusions being more dependable due to systematic methods.

Devah Pager

Researcher who conducted an audit study on race and criminal records in employment.

Limitations

All research methods have constraints that must be considered.

Triangulation

The use of multiple methods in a study to enhance confidence in results.

Experiments

Research involving manipulation of conditions to compare group responses.

Audit Study

A type of quantitative research that assesses the impact of specific variables.

Lab Experiment

A controlled environment study to establish causality.

Survey

A method involving a set of questions for a large number of subjects.

Strengths of Surveys

Quick, easy to administer, and can gather data from many people.

Weaknesses of Surveys

Potential low response rates and possible dishonesty from subjects.

Secondary Data Analysis

Using data collected by others for new research questions.

Qualitative Research

Research method focused on in-depth understanding through interviews.

Participant Observation

Research method involving direct interaction in a natural setting.

Content Analysis

Analyzing existing sources for both manifest and latent content.

Belmont Report

A set of ethical principles for conducting research with human subjects.

Respect for Persons

Ethical principle emphasizing autonomy and informed consent.

Beneficence

Ethical principle focused on minimizing harm and maximizing benefits.

Justice

Ethical principle ensuring fair selection and treatment of research participants.