Bio150 exam 1

Starch, glycogen, and cellulose

which molecule is considered a polymer of glucose?

At least one double bond, Kinked/bent shape

What are characteristic of unsaturated fats?

Carbohydrates

biological molecule is primarily responsible for energy storage and structural support in living organisms

Chitin

What carbohydrate is commonly found in the exoskeleton of arthropods?

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

What are the main classes of biological molecules?

Straight chains that form hydrogen bonds

What structural form does cellulose take in plant cell walls?

Dehydration reaction

What is the process called that links two monosaccharides together?

Carbonyl group

In monosaccharides, what functional group is typically found at the end of the molecule?

glycogen

What is the main storage carbohydrate in animals?

glycosidic bond

What type of bond forms between monosaccharides?

What effect does the presence of a carbonyl group in monosaccharides have?

It influences the reactivity and properties of the sugar

What distinguishes saturated fats from unsaturated fats?

Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms

What is the structure of phospholipids?

Two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to a glycerol molecule

starch

What type of carbohydrate is primarily used for energy storage in plants?

Water is added to break down polymers into monomers

What occurs during hydrolysis?

They form a bilayer that provides a barrier to water

How do lipids act in biological membranes?

Monosaccharides

What is the simplest form of carbohydrates?

Lipids

Which class of biological molecules are primarily hydrophobic?

polymers of glucose

What type of biological molecules are starch, glycogen, and cellulose classified as?

ester linkage

What is the bond called that forms between a fatty acid and glycerol in lipids?