Geography and Population Profiles Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards defining weather measurement instruments, types of aerial and satellite imagery, and population profile features based on the notes.

Anemometer

An instrument that measures the speed of air movement (wind speed) in kilometers per hour ($\text{km/h}$), meters per second ($\text{m/s}$), or knots, helping track wind changes that affect temperature, rainfall, and humidity, and identify cold fronts, warm fronts, and storm systems.

Hygrometer

An instrument that measures humidity—the amount of moisture in the air—used by geographers to predict rain, fog, or storms.

Relative Humidity

Humidity expressed as a percentage ($\%$) that shows how full the air is with moisture compared to its maximum capacity.

Oblique Aerial Photographs

Aerial photographs captured from an elevated position at an oblique angle relative to the ground.

Vertical Aerial Photographs

Aerial photographs captured straight down vertically from an aircraft facing the ground.

Satellite Images

Images of the Earth captured by sensors on orbiting artificial satellites.

Population Profile

Sometimes called a population pyramid, a bar graph providing information about the age and gender of a population, structured as two back-to-back bar charts divided into age groups, usually in $5$\text{--}$10$ year intervals.

Vertical Axis (Population Graph)

The axis on a population profile graph that lists age groups from youngest at the bottom to oldest at the top.

Horizontal Axis (Population Graph)

The axis on a population profile graph that shows the number or percentage of people in each age group separated by gender.

Wide Base and Narrow Top Shape

A population profile shape that indicates high birth rates and low life expectancy.

Rectangle Shape (Population Profile)

A population profile shape that suggests low birth rates and low death rates.

Narrow Base Shape

A population profile shape that can signal declining birth rates and an aging population.