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Oxidation and reduction
Oxidation is the loss of electrons
Reduction is the gain of electrons
Oxidising agents and Reducing agents
Oxidising agents accepts electrons, so gets reduced
Reducing agent loses electrons, so gets oxidised
Oxidation states
Involves the increase in oxidation state when a substance is oxidised
Reduction involves the decrease in oxidation state

Steps to balance the reduction half equation
Write out the reduction equation so far: reactant, arrow, product
Balance all the atoms except for oxygen and hydrogen
Use water to balance oxygen
Use H+ to balance hydrogens
Balance charges by adding electrons to the side with the higher positive charge
Steps to balance oxidation half equation and then combining to get the full equation
Write the half equation for oxidation, using electrons to balance the charges
Multiply by a scale factor to ensure that there are the same amount of electrons in the oxidation and reduction reactions
Combine the equations, the electrons should cancel out
If there is two of both compounds on opposite side of the equation, cancel out or move to one side