Oxidative Phosphorylation
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Last updated 10:46 PM on 3/5/25
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31 Terms
1
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What is aerobic metabolism?
The process that provides most of the energy required for long-duration physical activity.
2
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What is another name for aerobic metabolism?
Oxidative phosphorylation.
3
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What are the three stages of aerobic ATP production?
Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and Electron Transport Chain.
4
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What happens during glycolysis?
The breakdown of glucose for energy.
5
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What is the Krebs Cycle also known as?
Citric Acid Cycle.
6
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What is the primary purpose of the Krebs Cycle?
The oxidation of carbohydrates, fats, or proteins using NAD and FAD.
7
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Is oxygen necessary for the Krebs Cycle to function?
Oxygen is not necessary at this stage, but it is essential as the final hydrogen acceptor in the ETC.
8
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What is the primary function of the Krebs Cycle?
To facilitate the oxidation of nutrients to produce energy carriers.
9
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Where does the Krebs Cycle take place?
In the mitochondrial matrix.
10
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What do NADH and FADH2 do in relation to the Electron Transport Chain?
They transport H+ to the Electron Transport Chain.
11
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What drives ATP production in the Electron Transport Chain?
The proton gradient created by the movement of electrons.
12
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How many ATP molecules does the ETC yield per one glucose molecule?
36-38 ATP molecules.
13
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What is the primary source of ATP during rest and low-intensity activities?
Oxygen.
14
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What does aerobic metabolism initially use for fuel?
Carbohydrates.
15
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What occurs during conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA?
It results in the production of 1 NADH.
16
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How many turns of the Krebs Cycle occur for each glucose molecule?
Two turns.
17
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What are the results of the Krebs Cycle for one glucose molecule?
2 ATP, ~8 NADH, 2 FADH2.
18
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How much ATP does one molecule of NADH yield?
Approximately 2.5 ATP.
19
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How much ATP does one molecule of FADH2 yield?
Approximately 1.5 ATP.
20
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What happens to triglycerides in aerobic metabolism?
They can be broken down to form free fatty acids and glycerol.
21
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What process allows free fatty acids to enter the Krebs Cycle?
Beta-oxidation.
22
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What is the significance of the proton gradient in the ETC?
It powers the production of ATP from ADP.
23
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What is the start-up time required for aerobic metabolism?
It takes longer due to the need for adequate oxygen uptake.
24
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What types of nutrients can be converted into ATP through aerobic metabolism?
Primarily carbohydrates, fats, and some proteins.
25
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What is the process of oxidative phosphorylation?
A three-stage process that includes the generation of Acetyl-CoA, the Krebs cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain.
26
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How are NADH and FADH2 involved in energy production?
They transport high-energy electrons to the Electron Transport Chain.
27
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What is the result of the Krebs Cycle in terms of energy carriers?
Produces NADH and FADH2 as energy carriers.
28
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What facilitates the continuous operation of the Krebs Cycle?
The presence of NAD and FAD as coenzymes.
29
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What are the overall ATP yields from one turn of the Krebs Cycle?
1 ATP, 3 NADH, and 1 FADH2.
30
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What initiates the oxidation of nutrients during aerobic metabolism?
Glycolysis.
31
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What happens to pyruvate in the presence of oxygen?
It is broken down to form acetyl-CoA.
