Module 2: Computer Hardware and Enterprise Systems

Vocabulary flashcards covering fundamental hardware components, networking devices, and enterprise systems terminology.

Computer Hardware

The physical parts of a computer system that can be seen and touched.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The component responsible for executing instructions and processing data, often called the brain of the computer.

Motherboard

The main circuit board of a computer that provides connections between major components such as the CPU, RAM, and storage devices.

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Temporary memory used by a computer to store data and programs that are currently being used.

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

A permanent storage device that uses magnetic disks to store data.

Solid-State Drive (SSD)

A permanent storage device that uses flash memory and generally provides faster data access than an HDD.

USB Flash Drive

A small, portable data storage device that uses flash memory and plugs into a computer or other device through a USB port.

Memory Card

A tiny, portable device that uses flash memory to store digital data like photos, videos, and apps without needing power to keep files safe.

Input Devices

Devices that allow users to enter data or instructions into a computer, such as keyboards and mice.

Output Devices

Devices that present processed information to the user, such as monitors and printers.

Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

A processor designed to handle images, videos, graphics, and visual information.

Power Supply Unit (PSU)

A component that converts electrical power from an outlet into the appropriate power required by the computer's components.

Router

Networking hardware that connects different networks and directs data between them.

Network Switch

Networking hardware that connects multiple devices within a single local network.

Network Interface Card (NIC)

A hardware component that allows a computer to connect to a network via wired Ethernet or wireless Wi-Fi.

Server

A computer or system that provides services, resources, or data to other computers called clients.

Enterprise System

A large-scale information system designed to support the operations, processes, data, and users of an organization.

Scalability

The ability of an enterprise system to expand to support an increasing number of users and transactions.

Reliability

The characteristic of an enterprise system to operate consistently and minimize downtime.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

An enterprise system that integrates different business functions, such as accounting, HR, inventory, purchasing, sales, and production, into one unified system.

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

An enterprise system designed to help organizations manage relationships, customer information, sales records, and interactions with customers.

Supply Chain Management (SCM)

An enterprise system that manages the movement of products, materials, and information from suppliers to customers.

Enterprise Database Systems

Systems that store and manage large amounts of structured organizational data.

Enterprise File and Storage Systems

Systems that provide centralized storage for an organization's files and data.

Enterprise Communication Systems

Platforms used by organizations to facilitate communication, including email, video conferencing, and internal messaging.

Firewall

A security device or software that monitors and controls network traffic based on security rules.

Backup Systems

Systems that create copies of important data to ensure information can be recovered in the event of data loss.