Permanent Anterior Teeth Anatomy - Vocabulary Flashcards

Vocabulary practice flashcards generated from the study notes on permanent anterior teeth anatomy.

Incisors

Eight single-rooted permanent teeth (2 centrals and 2 laterals in each jaw) with thin, blade-like crowns adapted to cutting and shearing food, featuring incisal edges and ridges instead of cusps.

Canines (cuspids)

The third teeth from the midline in both arches, featuring a single root, a single cusp, and the longest roots in the dentition, adapted for seizing and tearing food.

Mamelons

The most incisal expression of the developmental lobes on newly erupted incisors, which wear off in normal occlusion.

Developmental lobes of incisors

Four growth centers (3 facial and 1 lingual) that develop and coalesce within the bony crypt to form an incisor tooth.

Canine eminence

A visible bony ridge in the maxilla produced by the robust canine root, whose premature loss accentuates the naso-labial fold.

Maxillary sequence of emergence

The typical eruption order of permanent teeth in the upper arch: 6 – 1 – 2 – 4 – 5 – 3 – 7 – 8.

Mandibular sequence of emergence

The typical eruption order of permanent teeth in the lower arch: 6 – 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5 – 7 – 8.

Maxillary central incisor (11, 21)

The widest permanent incisor mesiodistally, featuring a squared/rectangular crown, shovel-shaped palatal surface, sharp mesio-incisal angle, and a blunt cone-shaped root.

Maxillary lateral incisor (12, 22)

A permanent upper incisor smaller than the central in every dimension except root length, featuring rounded incisal angles, prominent cingulum, and the highest developmental variation after third molars.

Mandibular central incisor (31, 41)

The smallest tooth in the permanent dentition, characterized by a symmetrical crown twice as long as wide, a smooth featureless labial surface, and a root flattened mesiodistally.

Maxillary canine (13, 23)

The tooth with the longest root in the dentition, featuring a cusp height equal to 1/3 to 1/2 of crown height, a distal cusp slope longer than the mesial, and a root triangular in cross-section with a dividing depression.

Mandibular canine (33, 43)

A lower canine with a narrower crown, a cusp occupying only 1/5 of crown height, a pronounced labial ridge, an incisal edge tilted lingually, and an oval root that may bifurcate apically.

Foramen caecum

A deep pit that may be present in the cingulum of a maxillary lateral incisor, which may extend towards the root and serves as a caries predilection site.

Peg lateral

A common developmental anomaly of the maxillary lateral incisor characterized by a nondescript conical, pointed form.

Tooth root development at clinical eruption

Approximately 2/3 complete (range 1/2 to 3/4) at the moment of emergence, completing about 2 years post-eruption.

Class I incisal relationship

An ideal occlusal relationship where the mandibular incisal edge occludes against the cingulum of the maxillary incisors.

Class I canine relationship

An occlusal relationship where the mesial slope of the upper canine coincides with the distal slope of the lower canine.

Siding a maxillary canine

Determining right vs left side based on the distal cusp slope being longer than the mesial slope and the distal portion of the crown being wider and more concave.

Siding a mandibular canine

Determining right vs left side based on the mesial profile of the crown being in a straight line with the mesial surface of the root, a shorter mesial cuspal ridge, and a lingually tilted incisal edge.

Root cross-section at CEJ (Maxillary central vs lateral)

The root cross-section at the CEJ is triangular for the maxillary central incisor and ovoid for the maxillary lateral incisor.