Various Growth Hormone Effect on Bone Growth, Remodeling or Blood Calcium Levels

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Growth hormone

Stimulates liver to produce the hormone IGF, which causes cartilage proliferation at epiphyseal plate and resulting bone elongation.

Thyroid hormone

 Stimulates bone growth by stimulating metabolic rate of osteoblasts

Calcitonin

 Promotes calcium deposition in bone and inhibits osteoclast activity

Sex hormones (estrogen and testosterone)

Stimulate osteoblasts; promote epiphyseal plate growth and closure

Parathyroid hormone

Increases blood calcium levels by encouraging bone resorption by osteoclasts

Calcitriol (Vitamin D)

Stimulates absorption of calcium ions from the small intestine into the blood, which may cause a net decrease in calcium loss from bone.

Glucocorticoids

Increase bone loss and, in children, impair bone growth when there are chronically high levels of this hormone.