critical thinking 1

Base rate

proportion of people belonging to a category when there is no specific information

representativeness

how similar something is to a stereotypes

probability

a degree of belief involving uncertainty

plausibility

a story that sounds believable even when it is actually less likely to be true

critical thinking

analyzing and evaluating thinking in order to improve it rite

critical thinking as a process

asking good questions, seeking answers with reasoning, reflecting results

conformity/ obedience

can suppress independant thinking

8 blocks to critical thinking

social media, fear, immaturity, bad teaching, egocentrism, existing beliefs, previous personal experiences

benefits of critical thinking

supports communication, uncover bias/ prejudices, promotes social change

arguments

reason supporting conclusion + premises

premises

reasons

assertion

an unsupported statement of belief (stated claim)

assumption

unstated premise that is not made explicit (hidden belief)

Deduction

valid reasoning from premises to a conclusion (definitely happening)

induction

true premises that give good reason to believe the conclusion but with uncertainty ( most likely)

not an argument

opinion,anecdote,emotions,explanation,series of facts, opinions, description, questions

I think therefore I am

descartes cannot doubt that he exist but he doubt everything else

cartesian dualism (mind and body)

doubt your body while remaining certain of himself as a thinking mind

rationalism

knowledge comes from reason and thinking rather then experiencescognitig

cognitive dissonance

the tension you feel when a fact contradicts a deeply held belief

conjunction fallacy

judging A+B as more probable than A alone

skepticism

any belief with genuine reason for doubt should temporarily be set aside