CHEM FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

Alkanes

single bonds (C-C)

Alkenes

double bonds (C=C)

Alkyne

triple bonds (C=-C)

Aromatic

Alcohol

-OH

Thiol

-SH

Ether

C-O-C

Aldehyde

-C=O-H

Ketone

C-C=O-C

Carboxylic Acid

-C=O-OH

Ester

C=O-C

Amine

Amide

-ane

Alkanes

-ene

Alkene

-yne

Alkyne

benzene

aromatic

Carbon & Hydrogen are

nonpolar

Alkanes go through

combustion

Alkenes & Alkynes go through

addition (-H,-H)(-H,-OH)

Carbon on same sides

cis

Carbon on different sides

cis trans

Drop -e add -ol

alcohol

add thiol

thiol

Name alkyl group followed by ether

ether

Common Name

ether, amine

drop -e add -al

aldehyde

drop -e add -one

ketone

drop -e add - oicacid

carboxylic acid

drop -e add -oate

ester

What does 1*, 2*, 3* mean?

primary, secondary, tertiary

N- in front, drop -e add -amide

amide

Oxygen and/or Nitrogen

polar

Primary groups only have __ carboxyl group attached to the carbon

1

Secondary only have __ carboxyl group attached to the carbon

2

Tertiary only have __ carboxyl group attached to the carbon

3