Engineering Communication quiz

Engineering communication

The means to transmit engineering information among parties involved in the engineering project or business.

Communication engineering

An engineering discipline or branch that deals with the development and operation of communications technology, including telecommunications and computer programming. Usually considered within the electronic engineering discipline.

Means of Construction engineering communication (Formal & Informal)

Formal:

1. Technical essays: Articles, papers, manuals & guides

2. Technical reports: Labs, reports, test reports

3. Written and/or Oral presentations

4. Formal meetings and conferences

5. Conventional drawings: 2D & 3D

6. Computer-aided design (CAD)

7. Building information modeling (BIM)

8. Bills of quantities

9. Contracts

Informal:

1. Informal discussions

2. Scribbling

3. Sketches

How important is construction engineering communication?

It is fundamental to success in engineering, construction projects, professional and public life. It must be simple & clear to ensure precise & concise information are exchanged effectively between parties.

Engineering drawings & plans

• Known as engineering drafting

• It is a type of technical drawing

• Used to fully & clearly define requirements for engineered items

• A graphical language that communicates ideas & information from the design engineer to the workers who will make it.

Construction engineering drawings & plans

• Most precise way of presenting detailed technical information of construction engineering designs.

• Ensures engineering design undergoes practical delivery to become a product

• Technical drafting is conventional skill to produce technical drawings

• Consists of

  • Dimensions

  • Layout & plans

  • Spatial relations of objects

  • Material information

• CAD has taken over due to advancement in comp tech

• CAD has advantages of

  • “Green“

  • Easy to update

  • Readily transmittable & sharing by electronic means

Definition of GIS

Geographic information system is a computer-based system capable of assembling, storing, manipulating and displaying geographically referenced information.

Components of GIS

1. Hardware: computer system that runs GIS software

2. Software: applications used to capture, store, analyze, and display spatial data

3. Data: Geographically referenced information (population data with location)

4. People: User who manage, maintain and use GIS

5. Methods: Workflows & analytical techniques applied to data

Core functions of GIS (same as software desc) (more on graphic right)

1. Capture & Input: Collect coordinates, imagery, sensor records & tabular data

2. Store & manage: Organise geometry, attributes, spatial references & metadata

3. Analyse: Query, measure, transform, overlay & model spatial patterns.

4. Visualise & share: Communicate results through maps, dashboards & data services

Spatial data

1. Vector data: represent discrete data values, or data values that have separate, distinct units that we can count

   1. Points, Lines, Polygons

2. Raster data: represent discrete data, as well as continuous data.

   1. Stored in cells/pixels in grids.

   2. Temperature, elevation, soil types

Non-Spatial data

• Called attributes

• Explains characteristics at that location

• Examples: name, number of beds, year established of a hospital

Geographic coordinate system (GCS)

• Uses angular coordinates on an ellipsoidal or spherical surface

• Examples: WGS 84 (EPSG:4326) | 22.3 degrees N, 114.2 degrees E

• [latitude + longitude]

Projected coordinate system (PCS)

• Uses linear coordinates on a flat plane created by projecting a geographic CRS

• Example: Hong Kong 1980 grid (EPSG:2326)

• [Easting + Northing]

• Easting (X): 835,240 m E

• Northing (Y): 823,150 m N

Spatial relationships (Topology)

1. Disjoint

2. Intersects

   1. Touches

   2. Overlaps

   3. Within / contains

   4. Crosses

Spatial relationships (2 features may be close but difficult to reach)

Metric relationship

• Nearest within distance, straight line distance

Network relationship

• Reachable-least cost path

Comparison between desktop GIS and web GIS

look at the table bro

Evaluation criterias for fitness centre site selection

1. Population

2. Age

3. Household size

4. Marital status

5. Income

6. Health Insurance

7. Education - B. S.

8. Total Businesses

9. Total Sales

10. Employment

Report Brief (Before writing, Qs to solve)

1. Task: What problem or decision must the report address?

2. Audience: Who will read it, and what do they already know?

3. Evidence: Which data, calculations and sources are required?

4. Assessment: Which criteria, format, length and deadline apply?

Analysis of the target readers of a report (Principle of writing a report)

• Report aim is to communicate ideas, so it must be easy for readers to understand your writing.

• Write graphs and diagrams using Excel, Grapher, Powerpoint etc. Try not to submit handwritten reports of diagrams unless instructed to do so.

Core Report structure

1. Introduction: What is the problem, objective & scope?

2. Methods: How were data obtained & analyzed

3. Results: What was observed or calculated?

4. Discussion: What do the results mean, and what limits the inference?

5. Conclusion: What answers does the evidence support?

6. Recommendations: What action or further investigation is justified?

Appendices

1. Raw data from tests

2. Software listings

3. Long mathematical proofs

4. Maps, repetitive drawings or graphs detailed

5. Survey results

Language and formatting specifications - Fonts

Times new roman
1. a serif font

2. more complex, less clear, easier on the eye for large quantities of text

Arial

1. a sans serif font

2. simpler, clearer, quicker to read, but harder on the eye

Language & formatting specifications - Tables

table & figure: simple with legible text (12pts)

title below figures but many put above tables

1. Abstract

2. Introduction

3. Other chapters/sections

4. Conclusions

5. Acknowledgments

6. References

7. Tables

8. Figures

9. Appendices

Sources and academic integrity - Citations & referencing

APA: commonly used in Social sciences

IEEE: commonly used in Engineering

Plagiarism

• a serious academic crime, cheating, illegal

• usually unintentional

• any unreferenced work is assumed to be original work

• Should ask urself whether it is possible that the reader could misunderstand ur text and believe that something you have written is your own idea or text when it is not.

• Plagiarism also applies to images taken from the internet

• Dissertations may be checked with plagiarism finding softwares

Figures and images need sources too

Reproduced: If figure is unchanged, identify the original source in the caption

Adapted: If modified, state that it is adapted and identify the source

Created from data: Name the dataset, and distinguish your anaylsis from the underlying data

Changing colors or redrawing does not remove need to state sources.

BIM

• Building information modeling

• Is a process, not a product nor software

• Data rich computer model

• Digital, Object-orientated, Enhanced Visualization, Coordination

BIM terminology 4D

4D = (3D + time)

Model & schedule linked

1. Coordinate complex sequencing & phasing isses

2. Evaluation of logistic needs & workflows

3. Reveal logical flaws in schedule

BIM terminology 5D

4D + quantity & cost

Model, Schedule, Quantity & Cost data

Quantity takeoff: isolating specific building elements, to list our their attributes and data

Option analysis: Comparing dif design alternatives, material choices and layouts on their effects on cost and performance.

BIM other terms

Interoperability: ability of data rich models to share data with each other through import or export.

Is it BIM?

Look at table bro :D

Core values of BIM

1. Coordination

2. Visualization

3. Plaforms

4. Documentation

Visualization: interior

• Visualization helps clients understand a proposed design and provide feedback before construction.

• Overall view: See building in its surrounding

• Access: Understand the rl between building, entrances and apprach routes

• Interior views & walkthroughs: Explore the route from the entrance to the seating area.

• Gives client & designers a shared basis for discussing possible improvements

• 
  

5 Barries to BIM implementation

1. No client demand

2. Not always relevant to projects worked on

3. Cost

4. Projects worked on perceived as too small

5. Lack of in-house expertise