biomechanics shoulder paired movements & prime movers

Shoulder girdle Elevation prime movers

Trapezius I, Trapezius II, Levator Scapulae, Rhomboids

Shoulder girdle Depression prime movers

Pectoralis Minor, Trapezius IV

Shoulder girdle Abduction prime movers

Pectoralis Minor, Serratus Anterior

Shoulder girdle Adduction prime movers

Trapezius III, Rhomboids

Shoulder girdle Upward Rotation prime movers

Trapezius II, Trapezius IV, Serratus Anterior

Shoulder girdle Downward Rotation prime movers

Pectoralis Minor, Rhomboids

Shoulder girdle Upward Tilt prime movers

Pectoralis Minor

Shoulder girdle Lateral Tilt prime movers

Pectoralis Minor, Serratus Anterior

Shoulder girdle Reduction of Lateral Tilt prime movers

Trapezius III, Rhomboids

Shoulder Flexion prime movers

Anterior Deltoid, Pectoralis Major (Clavicular)

Shoulder Extension prime movers

Pectoralis Major (Sternal), Latissimus Dorsi, Teres Major

Shoulder Hyperextension prime movers

Posterior Deltoid, Latissimus Dorsi, Teres Major

Shoulder Adduction prime movers

Pectoralis Major (Sternal), Latissimus Dorsi, Teres Major

Shoulder Inward Rotation prime movers

Subscapularis, Teres Major

Shoulder Horizontal Flexion prime movers

Anterior Deltoid, Pectoralis Major (Clavicular), Pectoralis Major (Sternal), Coracobrachialis

Shoulder Abduction prime movers

Middle Deltoid, Supraspinatus

Shoulder Outward Rotation prime movers

Infraspinatus, Teres Minor

Shoulder Horizontal Extension prime movers

Middle Deltoid, Posterior Deltoid, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor

Shoulder: Flexion

Shoulder girdle: Upward Rotation, Abduction, Lateral Tilt

Shoulder: Hyperflexion

Shoulder girdle: Upward Rotation

Shoulder: Extension

Shoulder girdle: Downward Rotation, Adduction, Reduction of Lateral Tilt

Shoulder: Hyperextension

Shoulder girdle: Upward Tilt

Shoulder: Abduction

Shoulder girdle: Upward Rotation

Shoulder: Adduction

Shoulder girdle: Downward Rotation

Shoulder: Outward Rotation

Shoulder girdle: Adduction, Reduction of Lateral Tilt

Shoulder: Inward Rotation

Shoulder girdle: Abduction, Lateral Tilt

Shoulder: Horizontal Flexion

Shoulder girdle: Abduction, Lateral Tilt

Shoulder: Horizontal Extension

Shoulder girdle: Adduction, Reduction of Lateral Tilt

how many axes does an irregular diarthrodial articulation have?

zero (nonaxial)

movements of irregular diarthrodial articulations

gliding

irregular diarthrodial articulation example

carpal joints3

number of axes for a ginglymus (hinge) diarthrodial joint?

one (uniaxial)

movements for ginglymus diarthrodial articulations

flexion, extension

example of ginglymus diarthrodial articulation

elbow joint

number of axes for a trochoid (pivot/screw) diarthrodial articulation

one (uniaxial)

movements of a trochoid diarthrodial articulation

rotation

example of a trochoid diarthrodial articulation

Atlanto-axial joint (C1-C2), radioulnar joint

number of axes of a condyloid diarthrodial articulation

two (biaxial)

movements of a condyloid diarthrodial articulation

flexion/extension, abduction/adduction

example of a condyloid diarthrodial articulation

radiocarpal joint, metacarpophalangeal joint

number of axes of a saddle diarthrodial articulation

two (biaxial)

movements of a saddle diarthrodial articulation

flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction

example of a saddle diarthrodial articulation

carpometacarpal (thumb) joint

number of axes for an enarthrodial diarthrodial articulation

three (triaxial)

movements of a enarthrodial diarthrodial articulation

flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction, horizontal flexion/extension, rotation

example of an enarthrodial diarthrodial articulation

femero-acetabular joint

number of axes for the fibrocartilage type of cartilaginous synarthrodial articulations

three (triaxial)

movements of the fibrocartilage type of cartilaginous synarthrodial articulations

flexion/extension, lateral flexion, circumduction, rotation

example of the fibrocartilage type of cartilaginous synarthrodial articulations

articulations between vertebral bodies

number of axes for the hyaline cartilage type of cartilaginous synarthrodial articulations

zero (non axial) - there is movement up until they fuse

movements of the hyaline cartilage type of cartilaginous synarthrodial articulations

compression

example of the hyaline cartilage type of cartilaginous synarthrodial articulations

epiphyseal unions

number of axes of fibrous synarthrodial articulations

zero (non axial)

movements of the hyaline cartilage type of cartilaginous synarthrodial articulations

none

example of the hyaline cartilage type of cartilaginous synarthrodial articulations

sutures of the skull

number of axes for ligamentous synarthrodial articulations

undefined

movements of the ligamentous synarthrodial articulations

unspecific

examples of the ligamentous synarthrodial articulations

coracoacromial union, mid union of radio and ulna