RELS | JESUS THE CHRIST MIDTERM FLASHCARDS!

What is a martyr?

A person who dies for their faith.

What does the Greek word martyr mean?

Witness

What is the Bible?

Sacred Scripture, the Word of God, and the Good Book.

Who does Christianity revolve around?;

Jesus Christ.

What does Jesus desire from believers?

A personal relationship with them.

What relationships are considered gifts from God?

Family, friendships, partners, coworkers, and neighbors.

What are key topics in Christianity?

Trust, relationships vs. bonds, and the Trinity.

Who are the three Persons of the Trinity?

The Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.

What does the Bible capture in written form?

The essentials of relational living.

How was the Bible written?

Divine words from God penned by humans with grace.

What does Testament mean?

A relationship, covenant, or way of living.

What does the Old Testament describe?

The Jewish way of living before Jesus.

What is the New Testament focused on?

Jesus Christ and the Christian way of living.

What is the Torah?

Jewish law and instruction for living, including the Ten Commandments.

What are sacred texts?

Writings expressing a life grounded in relationship with God.

Why was Bible access limited before the Renaissance?

The Bible had to be copied by hand.

Who invented the movable-type printing press?

Gutenberg.

What was the first major book Gutenberg printed?

The Bible.

How is the Bible organized today?

Books, chapters, and verses.

How many Psalms are in the Bible?

150.

What does Psalm mean?

A song or hymn used in prayer.

Why were Psalms chanted?

To aid prayer and memorization.

How many times per day did Jews traditionally pray?

Five times a day.

How many Psalms were often prayed at each prayer time?

Three Psalms.

Which Psalm did Jesus reference on the Cross?

Psalm 22.

What does Sitz im Leben mean?

Situation in life or the background context of a text.

What factors are included in Sitz im Leben?

Language, cosmology, family life, science, and geography.

What does Selah mean?

Stop and reflect.

What does Rosh Hashanah mean?

Head of the Year.

What greeting is used during Rosh Hashanah?

Shanah Tova (Good Year).

What is cosmology?

An explanation of the ordered reality of the universe.

What does Kosmos mean?

Universe or ordered reality.

What does Logos mean?

Word or reason.

What is circumlocution?

Speaking around something without directly naming it.

What is YHWH?

The sacred name of God, often translated as "I Am."

What is an archetype?

A foundational reality underlying many expressions.

What is a myth in theology?

A story expressing eternal truths through reflection.

What is God's ultimate intention according to Scripture?

Salvation for all creation.

What does it mean that humanity lives in a wounded existence?

Creation is affected by sin and brokenness.

What is the major theme of Psalm 51?

Forgiveness and repentance.

What does Sabbath mean?

Rest.

What does hesed mean?

Merciful, sacrificial love.

Is hesed primarily an emotion?

No, it is a deliberate choice for another's good.

What does ANE stand for?

Ancient Near East.

What is Yom Kippur?

The Day of Atonement and forgiveness.

How does Jesus transform atonement?

He does not merely cover sins but transforms them through love.

What does the Hebrew word yesha mean?

Salvation.

What is the Hebrew name of Jesus?

Yeshua.

What does hatta mean?

To miss the mark; sin

What does tzdq (sadiq) mean?

Justice or proper relational living.

What lesson is taught in Genesis 18:1-8?

Radical hospitality and generosity.

Why is Jesus called Savior?

Because He saves people from sin and brings salvation.

Who was St. Jerome?

The scholar who translated Scripture into Latin.

What is the Vulgate?

St. Jerome's Latin translation of the Bible.

When did the Babylonian Captivity occur?

Around 587 BC.

What is Zion?

A synonym for Jerusalem or Israel.

What is the role of guardian angels in Christianity?

To watch over and protect people.

What does polytheism mean?

Belief in many gods.

What is the main message of Genesis 1?

One God intentionally creates an ordered and good universe.

What is the focus of Genesis 2?

Humanity's relationship with God and creation.

What does a name express in the Bible?

Relationship and identity, not just a label.

What characterized the Davidic Era?

Prosperity and peace in Israel.

Why is Psalm 27 associated with Yom Kippur?

It emphasizes trust, forgiveness, and God's protection.

Why was water important in the Ancient Near East?

It was necessary for survival, farming, and trade.

How is land viewed in Scripture?

As a gift from God that humans are called to steward.

What is salvation according to these notes?

Living in right relationship with God, others, self, and creation.

What is the overarching purpose of Scripture?

To guide people toward eternal relational living with the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.

What does martyr mean in Greek?

Witness.

What is the Bible also called?

The Word of God.

What are the two major divisions of the Bible?

Old Testament and New Testament.

What does the word testament imply?

Relationship, covenant, or way of living.

What is the Old Testament's value according to Christians?

It is precious and of eternal value.

What did Jewish life begin with according to the notes?

Living according to God's law.

What is the purpose of the Ten Commandments?

To provide a blueprint for living.

What changed access to the Bible during the Renaissance?

The movable-type printing press.

Who printed the first Bible using movable type?

Johannes Gutenberg.

What are chapters in the Bible?

Numbered divisions within books.

What are verses in the Bible?

Numbered divisions within chapters.

What does Psalmos mean in Greek?

A song or hymn used in prayer.

Why were Psalms memorized?

They were used regularly in prayer and worship.

How were Psalms traditionally voiced?

By chanting them slowly and reflectively.

What should be done after each line of a Psalm?

Pause and reflect.

What is the purpose of chanting Psalms?

To deepen reflection and memorization.

What does creation reveal according to biblical cosmology?

That the universe has order and purpose.

What does intelligible reality mean?

Humans can know something about reality.

What does circumlocution literally mean?

Speaking around.

What is the meaning of arche (Greek root of archetype)?

Beginning or foundation.

What does mythology attempt to express?

Eternal truths and struggles.

What is salvation directed toward?

Individuals, communities, and creation.

What does Sabbath focus on?

Rest, worship, and family.

What does hesed require?

Sacrifice for the good of another.

What is Göbekli Tepe?

An important archaeological site in the Ancient Near East.

What does Yom mean in Hebrew?

Day.

What does yeshua mean?

Jesus or salvation.

What did Abraham and Sarah model in Genesis 18?

Hospitality and generosity.

What is biblical hospitality?

Welcoming and caring for others abundantly.

What books are important for understanding creation?

Genesis 1-3, Psalms, Job, and the Prophets.

Who was King David?

The king associated with prosperity, peace, and many Psalms.

What did St. Jerome translate the Bible into?

Latin.

What was the Babylonian worldview?

Polytheistic.