Bio topic #5 Enzymes

kinetic energy and 2 biological examples

• energy associated with movement

• light, heat, and mechanical movement

potential energy and 2 biological examples

• stored energy that is available to do work

• chemical energy, in covalent bonds, concentration gradients

what type of energy is stored in chemical bonds?

potential

define free energy, whats the symbol

• energy available to work in a system

• Δ G

Exergonic reaction

• Δ G < 0

• releases energy

• occurs spontaneously

Endergonic reaction

• Δ G > 0

• requires energy

• does NOT occur spontaneously

what molecule provides energy for most endergonic reactions?

ATP

How is energy released from ATP

When the bond is broken, energy is released

why are enzymes needed for most biological chemical reactions?

w/out enzymes, chemical reactions are too slow to support life

What type of molecule is an enzyme?

Protein

name of the site on an enzyme where the substrate binds

active site

2 factors that affect enzyme activity

• temp

• ph

Where does a competitive inhibitor bind on an enzyme?

They bind to the enzymes active site, blocking substrate from binding

where does noncompetitive inhibitor bind on an enzyme?

allosteric site

Which chemical reaction involves

• a molecule is broken down into smaller parts

• releasing energy

catabolic

Which chemical reaction involves

• synthesis of larger molecules from smaller molecules

• usually requiring energy

Anabolic