ANT 156A: Human Osteology -- Major Muscles of the Shoulder, Arm, and Forearm

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Last updated 1:54 AM on 10/11/26
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13 Terms

1
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rotator cuff muscles

- supraspinatus

- infraspinatus

- teres minor

- subscapularis

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supraspinatus muscle

- proximal attachment: supraspinous fossa

- distal attachment: antero-superior facet on the greater tubercle of the humerus

<p>- proximal attachment: supraspinous fossa</p><p>- distal attachment: antero-superior facet on the greater tubercle of the humerus</p>
3
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infraspinatus muscle

- proximal attachment: infraspinous fossa

- distal attachment: postero-superior facet on the greater tubercle of the humerus

<p>- proximal attachment: infraspinous fossa</p><p>- distal attachment: postero-superior facet on the greater tubercle of the humerus</p>
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teres minor muscle

- proximal attachment: upper 2/3 of the posterior axillary (lateral) border of the scapula

- distal attachment: postero-inferior facet on the great tubercle of the humerus

<p>- proximal attachment: upper 2/3 of the posterior axillary (lateral) border of the scapula</p><p>- distal attachment: postero-inferior facet on the great tubercle of the humerus</p>
5
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subscapularis muscle

- proximal attachment: subscapular fossa

- distal attachment: facet on the lesser tubercle of the humerus

<p>- proximal attachment: subscapular fossa</p><p>- distal attachment: facet on the lesser tubercle of the humerus</p>
6
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deltoid (shoulder abductor)

- proximal attachments: antero-lateral clavicle, lateral acromion, and scapular spine

- distal attachment: deltoid tuberosity on the humerus

<p>- proximal attachments: antero-lateral clavicle, lateral acromion, and scapular spine</p><p>- distal attachment: deltoid tuberosity on the humerus</p>
7
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pectoralis major (shoulder adductor + flexor)

- proximal attachments: antero-medial clavicle, the sternum, and the cartilage of the true ribs

- distal attachment: crest of the greater tubercle (lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus)

<p>- proximal attachments: antero-medial clavicle, the sternum, and the cartilage of the true ribs</p><p>- distal attachment: crest of the greater tubercle (lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus)</p>
8
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teres major (shoulder medial rotator)

- proximal attachments: lower 1/3 of the posterior axillary (lateral) border of the scapula

- distal attachment: medio-distal part of the crest of the lesser tubercle

<p>- proximal attachments: lower 1/3 of the posterior axillary (lateral) border of the scapula</p><p>- distal attachment: medio-distal part of the crest of the lesser tubercle</p>
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biceps brachii (elbow flexor, supinator)

- proximal attachments: short head arises from the corocoid process of the scapula; long head arises from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

- distal attachment: common tendon into the radial tuberosity

<p>- proximal attachments: short head arises from the corocoid process of the scapula; long head arises from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula</p><p>- distal attachment: common tendon into the radial tuberosity</p>
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triceps brachii (elbow extensor)

- proximal attachments: long head arises from the infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula; lateral and short heads arise from the posterior surface of the humeral shaft

- distal attachment: common tendon into the olecranon process of the ulna

<p>- proximal attachments: long head arises from the infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula; lateral and short heads arise from the posterior surface of the humeral shaft</p><p>- distal attachment: common tendon into the olecranon process of the ulna</p>
11
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pronator teres (pronator)

- proximal attachments: humeral head arises from superior medial epicondyle; ulnar head arises from medial side of ulnar coronoid process

- distal attachments: midway along the lateral surface of the shaft of the radius

<p>- proximal attachments: humeral head arises from superior medial epicondyle; ulnar head arises from medial side of ulnar coronoid process</p><p>- distal attachments: midway along the lateral surface of the shaft of the radius</p>
12
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pronator quadratus (pronator)

attachments: antero-distal radius and ulna

<p>attachments: antero-distal radius and ulna</p>
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supinator (supinator)

- proximal attachments: humeral head arises from the lateral epicondyle; ulnar head arises from the supinator crest and wraps behind the radius

- distal attachment: postero-lateral to oblique line on the proximal lateral radial shaft

<p>- proximal attachments: humeral head arises from the lateral epicondyle; ulnar head arises from the supinator crest and wraps behind the radius</p><p>- distal attachment: postero-lateral to oblique line on the proximal lateral radial shaft</p>