Reagents and Conditions

Alkene → Alkyl Hydrogensulphate

Conc H₂SO₄

Alkene → Alkane

H₂, Ni, 200^oC

Alkene → Haloalkane

HX

Alkene → Alcohol

Conc H₃PO₄, High Pressure, High Temperature

Alkyl Hydrogensulphate → Alcohol

Dilute + Warm

Haloalkane → Alcohol

NaOH_(aq), warm

Ketone → (2^o) Alcohol

NaBH_4(aq)

(2^o) Alcohol → Ketone

Heat, K₂Cr₂O₇, H₂SO₄

Aldehyde → (1^o) Alcohol

NaBH_4(aq)

(1^o) Alcohol → Aldehyde

K₂Cr₂O₇, H₂SO₄, Heat

Alcohol → Ester

Carboxylic acid, conc H₂SO₄ or acyl chloride or acid anhydride

Aldehyde → Carboxylic Acid

K₂Cr₂O₇, H₂SO₄, Heat or Tollen’s reagent or Fehling’s solution

Carboxylic Acid → Ester

Alcohol, conc H₂SO₄

Ketone → 2-Hydroxynitrile

HCN