Joan of Arc and the Hundred Years War

Vocabulary flashcards covering the life, military campaigns, trial, and posthumous legacy of Joan of Arc during the Hundred Years War.

Joan of Arc

A young French peasant girl born around 1412 in Domremy who, despite having no former military training, helped restore hope to France and change the course of the Hundred Years War.

Jacques d'Arc and Isabelle Romee

The parents of Joan of Arc, who were farmers in the small village of Domremy, France.

Hundred Years War

A long conflict between France and England beginning in 1337, during which the English controlled large parts of France and the French monarchy was divided over rightful claims to power.

Saint Michael, Saint Catherine, and Saint Margaret

The figures whose voices Joan of Arc believed she heard beginning at age 13, which instructed her to drive the English out of France and support the French heir, Charles VII.

Charles VII

The uncrowned heir to the French throne who allowed Joan of Arc to accompany an army to Orleans and was later crowned King of France at Reims Cathedral on July 17, 1429.

Siege of Orleans

An English military takeover beginning in October 1428 that ended on May 8, 1429, after Joan of Arc's arrival on April 29, 1429, inspired French forces to launch successful attacks.

Reims Cathedral

The location where Charles VII was officially crowned King of France on July 17, 1429, with Joan of Arc standing beside him holding her banner.

Attack on Paris (September 1429)

An unsuccessful military assault helped led by Joan of Arc where she was wounded by an arrow, leading to the attack being called off and her influence weakening.

Burgundians

Allies of the English who captured Joan of Arc in May 1430 while she was defending Compiegne and subsequently handed her over to the English.

Heresy

A religious crime involving beliefs considered against Church teachings, which Joan of Arc was charged with during her trial in Rouen.

Relapsed heretic

The official status declared against Joan of Arc leading to her death sentence, based on her refusal to deny her visions and her decision to wear men's clothing.

May 30, 1431

The date on which Joan of Arc was executed at the age of 19 following her trial in Rouen.

1456 Investigation

A formal re-examination of Joan of Arc's case that overturned her original conviction and declared the trial unjust.

1920 Canonization

The year the Catholic Church officially declared Joan of Arc a saint.