THE GOOD NOTES

Imperialism

A policy in which a stronger nation extends its political, economic, or military control over weaker territories.

Open Door Policy

The 1899 U.S. foreign policy proposed under President McKinley to ensure equal trading rights for all nations in China.

Big Stick Diplomacy

President Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy approach of negotiating peacefully while displaying military strength to maintain order.

Dollar Diplomacy

President William Howard Taft's foreign policy strategy of using American economic power and business investments to influence Latin America and Asia.

Moral Diplomacy

President Woodrow Wilson's foreign policy focused on supporting nations with democratic governments and shared moral values.

First 'media war' in U.S. history

The Spanish-American War, which was heavily influenced and sensationalized by rival newspaper publishers.

Yellow Journalism

A reporting style that relies on exaggerated headlines, sensationalism, and melodrama to attract readers and boost sales.

Pioneers of yellow journalism in the late 19th century

William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer.

USS Maine

The U.S. battleship whose explosion in Havana Harbor became a major catalyst for the Spanish-American War.

Primary locations where the Spanish-American War was fought

Cuba and the Philippines.

Rough Riders

A volunteer cavalry unit made up of cowboys, miners, and lawmen led by Theodore Roosevelt and Leonard Wood in Cuba.

Battle of San Juan Hill

A significant land engagement in Cuba where U.S. forces, including the Rough Riders and Buffalo Soldiers, captured key positions near Santiago.

Territories acquired by the U.S. in the Treaty of Paris (1898)

Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines (purchased for $20\text{ million}$).

Emilio Aguinaldo

The Filipino leader who fought against Spanish rule and later led resistance forces against U.S. control in the Philippine-American War.

Last monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii

Queen Liliuokalani.

Primary crop driving U.S. economic interest in Hawaii

Sugarcane.

Primary purpose of the Panama Canal

To connect the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, drastically reducing maritime travel distance and time for commerce and naval defence.

Major health and environmental challenges during the construction of the Panama Canal

Tropical diseases such as malaria and yellow fever, dense jungle terrain, mudslides, and intense heat.

Culebra Cut (Gaillard Cut)

The massive excavation project through nine miles of mountainous rock that formed a central artificial valley in the Panama Canal.

Gatun Lake

A large artificial lake created by damming the Chagres River to provide water for the lock system of the Panama Canal.

Imperialism

A policy in which a stronger nation extends its political, economic, or military control over weaker territories.

Open Door Policy

The 1899 U.S. foreign policy proposed under President McKinley to ensure equal trading rights for all nations in China.

Big Stick Diplomacy

President Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy approach of negotiating peacefully while displaying military strength to maintain order.

Dollar Diplomacy

President William Howard Taft's foreign policy strategy of using American economic power and business investments to influence Latin America and Asia.

Moral Diplomacy

President Woodrow Wilson's foreign policy focused on supporting nations with democratic governments and shared moral values.

First 'media war' in U.S. history

The Spanish-American War, which was heavily influenced and sensationalized by rival newspaper publishers.

Yellow Journalism

A reporting style that relies on exaggerated headlines, sensationalism, and melodrama to attract readers and boost sales.

Pioneers of yellow journalism in the late 19th century

William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer.

USS Maine

The U.S. battleship whose explosion in Havana Harbor became a major catalyst for the Spanish-American War.

Primary locations where the Spanish-American War was fought

Cuba and the Philippines.

Rough Riders

A volunteer cavalry unit made up of cowboys, miners, and lawmen led by Theodore Roosevelt and Leonard Wood in Cuba.

Battle of San Juan Hill

A significant land engagement in Cuba where U.S. forces, including the Rough Riders and Buffalo Soldiers, captured key positions near Santiago.

Territories acquired by the U.S. in the Treaty of Paris (1898)

Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines (purchased for $20\text{ million}$).

Emilio Aguinaldo

The Filipino leader who fought against Spanish rule and later led resistance forces against U.S. control in the Philippine-American War.

Last monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii

Queen Liliuokalani.

Primary crop driving U.S. economic interest in Hawaii

Sugarcane.

Primary purpose of the Panama Canal

To connect the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, drastically reducing maritime travel distance and time for commerce and naval defence.

Major health and environmental challenges during the construction of the Panama Canal

Tropical diseases such as malaria and yellow fever, dense jungle terrain, mudslides, and intense heat.

Culebra Cut (Gaillard Cut)

The massive excavation project through nine miles of mountainous rock that formed a central artificial valley in the Panama Canal.

Gatun Lake

A large artificial lake created by damming the Chagres River to provide water for the lock system of the Panama Canal.